Proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) is a highly adaptive, short-duration crop that is grown in Korea for food, feed, and fodder. ‘Yeonheechal’ is a variety of proso millet that was developed in 2013. This variety is a cross between Hwanggeumgijang (K263691) and IT297382. In terms of its phenotype, ‘Yeonheechal’ is erect and possesses drooping panicles. Regarding its growth-related outcomes, ‘Yeonheechal’ was found to have a growth period of 90 days. The culm and panicle lengths of this variety were 144 and 33.6 cm, respectively. These structures were both shorter than those of ‘Leebaekchal.’ Additionally, the weight of 1,000 seeds was 5.3 and 4.5 g in terms of husked and dehusked grains, respectively. The husked and dehusked grains were white and yellow, respectively, consisting of a characteristically glutinous endosperm. The yield potential of ‘Yeonheechal’ was approximately 2.67-ton ha-1 in the regional yield trials conducted from 2017 to 2019. The hardness of this variety’s grain was 1,749 gf, making it softer than that of ‘Leebaekchal’ (i.e., 2,158 gf) (Registration number: 9104).

‘Taecheong’ is a black soybean cultivar developed from crossing ‘YS1593(Milyang136×Tanbaguro)’ and ‘Cheongja2’ in 2005. F₁ and F₂ populations were grown for 2 years and promising lines were selected by pedigree method from F₃ to F₅. The preliminary yield trial (PYT) and advanced yield trial (AYT) were conducted from 2012 to 2013, and a regional yield trial (RYT) in seven regions was conducted from 2014 to 2016. ‘Taecheong’ is determinate, with purple flower, green cotyledon, and black spherical seed. Flowering date and maturing date were August 3 and October 20, respectively. Regarding quantitative characteristics, ‘Taecheong’ has a larger seed size (44.5 g/100-seed weight) than that of ‘Cheongja3’ (35.8 g/100-seed weight). ‘Taecheong’ was tolerant to pod shattering and lodging at the RYT field and indoor test. In addition, ‘Taecheong’ was resistant to bacterial pustule during the field test, and to soybean mosaic virus (G6H strain) during the inoculation test. Although its seed quality-related characteristics were similar to those of ‘Cheongja3’, it contained more anthocyanin in its seed-coat, which is a primary functional component of black soybean. The mean yield of ‘Taecheong’ in RYT was 240 kg/10a, which was 94% of the yield of ‘Cheongja3’. ‘Taecheong’ is expected to be used as raw material for soy products, such as for preparing soybean chocolates, because of its large seed size (Registration number: 7104).

Perilla has a long history of cultivation and consumption in Korea. Its cultivar ‘Sodam’, which is used for its oil and powder, was developed from a cross between two parents ‘K015926’ and ‘Miryang27’. The parents were crossed in 2004, and their progenies were selected from F₃ to F₅ generations through pedigree method. Regional yield trials (RYTs) were conducted in four regions from 2012 to 2014. ‘Sodam’ is a light gray and small spherical-seeded cultivar. It matures earlier (October 2) than ‘Saeyeopsildeulkkae’, a standard cultivar, and the number of flower clusters per plant as well as the number of ears per cluster is higher in ‘Sodam’ than in the standard cultivar. Its seeds contain approximately 46.4% crude fat, and the oil is rich (about 65.0%) in alpha-linolenic acid, an omega-3 fatty acid. ‘Sodam’ is characterized by upright plant growth with narrow branch angles. The average yield of this cultivar was 1.23 ton/ha in adaptable regions. ‘Sodam’ is expected to be a potential cultivar source for production of good quality perilla oil (Registration No. 6729).

‘Dodamssal’ was developed as a functional rice by means of a cross between ‘Goamibyeo’, a high amylose cultivar for noodle rice, and ‘Goami2’, a mutant cultivar derived from ‘Ilpum’ treated with N-methyl N-nitrosourea (MNU), with a high amylose content. The bulk population was displayed from F₂ to F₄, followed by pedigree methods from F₅, where line selection was performed based on amylose mutants with an opaque endosperm. Finally, ‘Milyang261’, which has a high amylose content and high resistant starch content, was selected and named as ‘Dodamssal’ in 2013. ‘Dodamssal’ is a mid-maturing ecotype with a heading date of August 10, susceptibility to both viruses and insects, and showed a slightly high viviparous germination rate of 23.4%. The yield capacity of ‘Dodamssal’ was 529 kg/10a over a 3-year regional yield test and would be suitable for cultivation in the middle and southern plain areas of Korea. The amylose content of ‘Dodamssal’ is 42.8%, with a grain appearance of opaque endosperms. Moreover, the starch granule of ‘Dodamssal’ was a round particle shape, unlike the polygonal shape of the ordinary grain. ‘Dodamssal’ is functional variety with resistant starch and dietary fiber contents of 13.6% and 5.3%, respectively (Registration No. 5637).

The soybean cultivar, ‘Saegeum’, has been developed for preparing soy-paste and tofu. The soybean cultivars ‘Daepung’ and ‘SS98207-3SSD-168’ were crossed in 2003 to obtain ‘Saegeum’. Single seed descent method was used to advance the generation from F₃ to F₅, and the plant lines with promising traits were selected from F₆ to F₇ by pedigree method. The preliminary yield (PYT) and advanced yield trials (AYT) were conducted from 2009 to 2010, and the regional yield trial (RYT) was conducted in 12 regions between 2011 and 2013. The morphological characteristics of ‘Saegeum’ were as follows: determinate plant type, white flower, tawny pubescence color, and brown pod color. Flowering and maturity dates were August 2, XXXX and October 17, XXXX, respectively. Plant height, first pod height, number of nodes, number of branches, and number of pods were 79 cm, 18 cm, 16, 2.3, and 44, respectively. The seed characteristics of ‘Saegeum’ were as follows: yellow spherical shape, yellow hilum, and the 100-seed weight was 25.4 g. ‘Saegeum’ was resistant to bacterial pustule and SMV in the field test, and its lodging resistance was mildly strong, whereas its shattering resistance was excellent. The ability of this cultivar to be processed into tofu, soybean malt, and other fermented products was comparable with that of ‘Daewonkong’. The yield of ‘Saegeum’ in the adaptable regions was 3.02 ton ha^-1. Thus, ‘Saegeum’ is adaptable to mechanized harvesting because of its high first pod height, as well as lodging and shattering resistance. (Registration number: 5929)

The soybean cultivar ‘Neulchan’ was developed for production of soy-paste and tofu. SS91501-9-1-1 and SS96205 (F₂) were crossed in 1998, and F₃ to F₇ were selected by the pedigree method. A preliminary yield trial (PYT) and an advanced yield trial (AYT) were conducted from 2006 to 2008, and a regional yield trial (RYT) in nine regions was conducted from 2009 to 2011. In the RYT, ‘Neulchan’ was stable in variable environments and generated high yield. ‘Neulchan’ was determinate with white flower, light brown pod color, yellow spherical seed, and yellow hilum. Its flowering date and maturity date were Jul. 30 and Oct. 9, respectively. The plant height was shorter than that of ‘Daewonkong’ (a standard cultivar). ‘Neulchan’ had the same node number (14), higher first-pod height (12 cm), and lighter seed weight (21.7 g/100-seed weight) than those of ‘Daewonkong’ (14, 11, and 24.2 g/100-seed weight, respectively). ‘Neulchan’ had high resistance to bacterial pustule, and its resistance to soybean mosaic virus was similar to that of ‘Daewonkong’. The yield and color of ‘Neulchan’ tofu were similar to those of ‘Daewonkong’ tofu, but the hardness was lower than that of ‘Daewonkong’ tofu. The soybean malt scent, fermented soybean yield, and γ-polyglutamic acid (γ-PGA) of ‘Neulchan’ were 3, 215%, and 24.6 mg/g, respectively. Its yield in adaptable regions was 307 kg/10a, higher than that of ‘Daewonkong’. ‘Neulchan’ was expected to be cultivated and used widely for soy-paste and tofu production. (Registration No. 4904).

A soybean cultivar “Chamol” for double cropping for use as soy-paste and tofu was developed using a pedigree method in 2011 as a cross between “Shinpaldal2” and “Keunol.” A promising line, SS99502-2B-89-1-3-4-1-1, was selected and designated as “Milyang210”. It was promising and showed good results from regional yield trials (RYTs) for 3 years from 2009 to 2011 and released with the name “Chamol.” It has a determinate growth habit, white flowers, gray pubescence, yellow seed coat, yellow hilum, spherical seed shape, and large seeds (27.7 g per 100 seeds). The maturity date of “Chamol” was September 18 (100 day growing period) in RYT and it is suitable for double cropping with winter crops such as onion. “Chamol” was resistant to bacterial pustule and soybean mosaic virus and tolerant to lodging in fields. Furthermore, the average yield of “Chamol” was 2.51 ton/ha in the regional yield trials conducted for 3 years from 2009 to 2011.

Cheongja4’ is a black soybean cultivar developed via a cross between ‘Milyang148’ and ‘Daemang’ in 2005. F₁ and F₂ populations were grown for 2 years, and promising lines were selected using the pedigree method from F₃ to F₅. The preliminary yield trial (PYT) and advanced yield trials (AYT) were conducted from 2011 to 2012, and regional yield trial (RYT) in 7 regions was conducted from 2013 to 2015. ‘Cheongja4’ is determinate and has purple flowers, a green cotyledon, and black spherical seeds. Flowering date and maturing date were Aug. 5 and Oct. 19, respectively. With respect to its quantitative characteristics, ‘Cheongja4’ has more pods (50) and smaller seed size (30.1g/100-seed weight) than ‘Cheongja3’ (38 and 35.2g/100-seed weight). ‘Cheongja4’ was revealed to be more tolerant to pod shattering than ‘Cheongja3’ in RYT field and indoor test. ‘Cheongja4’ had high levels of resistance to bacterial pustule and soybean mosaic virus in field and inoculation test. Although its seed quality-related characteristics were similar to those of ‘Cheongja3’, it contained more anthocyanin in the seed coat; this is the main functional component of black soybean. The mean yield of ‘Cheongja4’ in RYT was 314kg/10a, 123% of the yield of ‘Cheongja3’. ‘Cheongja4’ is expected to be widely used for variable functional purposes, such as cooking with rice and the production of processed food.

An interspecific cross between P. citriodora and P. hirtella constitutes ideal material for a linkage map construction in genome project of Perilla. The chromosomes of the species are same with n=10 and progenies of the cross are normal in growth and seed set. The phenotype of F2 population of the cross are normally distributed and this is a proof of high affinity of the chromosomes during their sexual reproduction. Rosmarinic acid, Luteolin and Apigenin contents of F2 plants were distributed in similar range with tetraploid perilla cultivars. Luteolin and Apigenin are positively correlated with correlation coefficient of 0.762. 21 QTLs were detected in agronomic traits and Rosmarinic acid, Luteolin and Apigenin contents. Even though Luteolin and Apigenin are positively correlated, QTLs were located in different position. Purple leaf color related QTL was mapped in Chromosome 3 with LOD of 14.3, PVE of 50.4%. Three anthocyanin biosynthesis transcription factor like sequences, WD40 repeat-like superfamily protein, myb domain protein 43 and basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) DNA-binding superfamily protein, were detected near from the QTL.

A new colored soybean variety ‘Jungmo3005’ was developed as a breeding parent. ‘Cheongjakong’ and ‘Geomjeongkong3’ were crossed in 2000. F1 and F2 populations were grown for 2 years and selected by pedigree method from F3 to F5. The preliminary yield trial (PYT) and advanced yield trial (AYT) were conducted from 2006 to 2007, and regional yield trial (RYT) in 9 regions was conducted from 2008 to 2010. ‘Jungmo3005’ is determinate, white flower, green cotyledon, green spherical seed and yellow hilum. Flowering date and maturing date were July 30 and Oct. 7, respectively. Other quantitative characteristics of ‘Jungmo3005’ were similar to ‘Cheongdu1’, but it was more tolerant to lodging and shattering than ‘Cheongdu1’ at RYT field and indoor test. Although ‘Jungmo3005’ showed symptom of mosaic disease in inoculation test at greenhouse, it had high level of resistance to soybean mosaic virus and bacterial pustule diseases at field. The yield of tofu of ‘Jungmo3005’ was more than that of ‘Cheongdu1’. The mean yield of ‘Jungmo3005’ in RYT was 256kg/10a which was 97% of the yield of ‘Cheongdu1’. ‘Jungmo3005’ is expected to be widely used as a breeding parent to cross with other varieties and lines for creating colored soybean cultivars with tolerance to lodging, shattering and bacterial pustule.