Gliadin proteins, which are a component of gluten and confer viscosity and extensibility on wheat dough, are major determinants of wheat processing suitability and also present dietary problems for consumers with celiac disease or wheat allergies. In this study, gliadin proteins of the hexaploid wheat variety ‘Chinese Spring’ (CS) and of its nullisomic-tetrasomic (NT) and ditelosomic (DT) lines missing group 1 and 6 chromosome, were analyzed using LabChip GXII Touch 24 within 1 min per sample. The chromatogram pattern analysis of gliadin proteins from group 1 aneuploid lines (N1AT1B, N1AT1D; N1BT1A, N1BT1D; N1DT1A, N1DT1B) missing 1A, 1B and 1D chromosomes respectively, from CS showed that 24, 25 and 26 sec peaks of CS, presuming to be ω5-, ω1,2- and γ- gliadins, were disappeared. The analysis of group 6 aneuploid lines (N6AT6B, N6AT6D, 6AL; N6BT6A, 6BL; N6DT6B, 6DL) missing 6A, 6AS; 6B, 6BS; 6D, 6DS chromosomes respectively, from CS indicated that 22, 25 and 26 sec peaks of CS, presuming to be α-/β- gliadins, were disappeared. The results of this study will be applicable to high-throughput screening of wheat gliadin mutants among wheat breeding lines and genetic resources for the development of allergy - reduced wheat.
The 24 potato cultivars grown in three regions with different cultivation environments were investigated genotype and environment interaction (GEI) using the Additive Main Effects and Multiplicative Interaction (AMMI), and Genotype main effect and genotype by environment interaction (GGE) biplot model analysis. Potato yield was highly related to environment and GEI factors but the number of tubers and dry matter content were related to the genotype factor. Potato yield was the highest in ‘Seohong’ in Gangneung, ‘Dejima’ in Jinbu area, and ‘Saebong’ in Daegwallyeong area. As a result of analysis of GEI effect between genotypes and environment, ‘Seohong’ in yield, ‘Daejima in tuber, and ‘Goun’ in dry matter content were superior and were stable. The ‘Seohong’, which has the highest yield and stability, showed promising results and can substitute the ‘Superior’ variety. The ‘Goun’ was selected as a chip potato processing grade to replace ‘Dejima’, which currently is the major processing grade. Therefore, as a result of analysis of AMMI and GGE biplot models of agricultural traits of potatoes showed that the cultivation environment has greatest influence on the yield. Therefore, proper site selection for the desired cultivar is necessary for best results. Though it is also important to select the best genotype with a high dry matter content.
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Gayabyeo, a Tongil-type rice variety, has been known to be resistant to the brown planthopper (BPH) in Korea. For genetic analysis of BPH resistance of Gayabyeo, we developed an F2 and F3 population derived from a cross between Gayabyeo and Taebaegbyeo which is a Tongil-type BPH susceptible rice variety. Based on the previously detected 284,501 putative SNPs between Gayabyeo and Taebaegbyeo, 99 cleaved amplified polymorphic sequences (CAPS) markers were developed, and they have been used for genotyping 180 F2 plants. By comparison of resequencing data of Gayabyeo and the sequences of already reported BPH resistance genes (
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To enhance rice yield and diversify grain quality of Korean
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‘Yeseumi’, a new sweetpotato variety resistant to fusarium wilt, was developed for table use by Bioenergy Crop Research Institute, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), Rural Development Administration (RDA) in 2013. ‘Yeseumi’ was derived from the cross between ‘Mokpo34’ and ‘Singeonmi’ resistant to fusarium wilt in 2005. The seedling and line selections were conducted from 2006 to 2008. Preliminary and advanced yield trials were carried out from 2009 to 2010. The regional yield trials were performed at five locations from 2011 to 2013. ‘Yeseumi’ has three-lobed leaf, and its leaves, stems, petioles, and nodes are green. Storage root of ‘Yeseumi’ has an elliptical shape, red skin, and light orange flesh. ‘Yeseumi’ was highly resistant to fusarium wilt and susceptible to root-knot nematode. Dry matter content was 25.4%, and texture of steamed storage root was intermediate. Total sugar contents of raw and steamed storage root of ‘Yeseumi’ were higher than those of ‘Yulmi’. β-carotene content of ‘Yeseumi’ was 15.7 mg/100 g DW. Yield of marketable storage root over 50 g of ‘Yeseumi’ was 32.5 MT/ha under the early season culture, which was 97% higher than that of ‘Yulmi’. The number of marketable storage roots per plant was 2.8 and the average weight of marketable storage root was 143 g under the normal and late season culture. Marketable storage root yield of ‘Yeseumi’ was 23.9 MT/ha under the normal and late season culture, which was 42% higher than that of ‘Yulmi’. (Registration No. 5848).
Improvement of lodging resistance and adaptable to double cropping system, high yield and good quality have been recently received more attention by covered barley(
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‘Dacheongok’, a new maize F1 hybrid (
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A new waxy corn single cross hybrid ‘Jangsuchal’ was developed by Gangwon Agricultural Research and Extension Services in 2014. The seed parent inbred HW12 was crossed with the pollen parent inbred HW15 in 2009. Days to silking of ‘Jangsuchal’ was three days later than ‘Ilmichal’, a check hybrid. Ear length of the hybrid was 22.2 cm, which was 2.8 cm greater than ‘Ilmichal’. The hybrid had thin pericarp thickness, high amylopectin content, and high value of sensory evaluation compared with ‘Ilmichal’. Resistance to disease and insect and lodging tolerance of ‘Jangsuchal’ were similar to those of ‘Ilmichal’. The number and weight of fresh ears for ‘Jangsuchal’ were greater than those of ‘Ilmichal’ in regional yield trials from 2012 to 2014. Silking date of the seed parent HW12 was in the pollen dispersal period of the pollen parent HW15 and F1 seed yield was 242 kg/10a. ‘Jangsuchal’ can be planted anywhere in the country. Plant variety protection right of ‘Jangsuchal’ was registered in June 2017 with grant number of 6730.
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The demand of sorghum is increasing since sorghum has significant and positive role in promoting nutrition and health of human beings; however, sorghum cultivated by farms is mostly a native variety having low genetic purity and low production, so it is necessary to improve the variety. Accordingly, the National Institute of Crop Science (NICS) developed “Donganme” that is non-glutinous and functional sorghum having antioxidant activity with higher yield potential. “Donganme” is the variety cultivated in 2012 through the breeding by the separation method from the foundation stock of ‘CS-4 LOCAL COLLECTION’ parceled out from the National Agricultural Genetic Resources Center. “Donganme” is a medium maturing variety, which takes the average of 71 days from the sowing date to the heading date, and the average of 120 days to the harvest. It has the culm length of 138 cm; the egg-shaped spikelets; dark red seeds, which are redder than those of the native variety, “Hwanggumchal.” Since the number of the ears is 3 per plant, the advantage of tillers is mature at the same time; The average quantity of the regional adaptation test is 3.1 MT/ha, and it means the high-yielding ability. In addition, Donganme contains various functional components including polyphenols, flavonoids, etc.; its antioxidant activity is 42.0 mgTE/g and 30% higher than that of “Hwanggumchal.” Unpolished grain’s thousand-kernel weight is 26.8 g; the weight per plant is as heavy as 33.6 g; the lodging is stronger than that of “Hwanggumchal”. Hwanggumchal has been cooked simply with rice due to its glutinous property, however, Donganme can be used more widely for processed food, such as bread, crackers, noodles, etc., due to its non-glutinous property. Moreover, its antioxidant activity can enhance the quality of those processed food.
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Perilla cultivar ‘Deulsaem’ was developed for perilla oil and powder. ‘YPL139’ and ‘Daesildeulkkae’ crossed in 2003 and selected from F3 to F5 by pedigree method. The selected pedigree is ‘YPS142-B-28-1-3-2-2’ and named as Miryang No. 57. The regional yield trial (RYT) in five regions was conducted from 2011 to 2013. In RYT, ‘Deulsaem’ was a high yield and quality. ‘Deulsaem’ is determinate, white flower and brown spherical seed. Maturity date was Oct. 8, similar to ‘Saeyeopsildeulkkae’(standard cultivar). However, ‘Deulsaem’ has higher number of flower cluster and ear per cluster than ‘Saeyeopsildeulkkae’. The yield of oil content and linolenic acid of ‘Deulsaem’ was 39.4% and 61.0%, respectively. The yield in adaptable regions was 1.42 ton/ha (5% increase compared to ‘Saeyeopsildeulkkae’) and ‘Deulsaem’ is expected to be cultivated and used widely for good quality perilla oil. (Registration No. 6246)
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A new peanut variety ‘Ahwon’(
The ‘Seonpum’ is a rice variety derived from a cross between ‘Junam’ which has translucent milled rice and mid-late maturity and ‘Iksan457’ that the elite line has a bacterial blight resistance and medium maturing property by the rice breeding team at NICS, RDA in 2003. The heading date of ‘Seonpum’ is August 11 and four days later than check variety, ‘Hwaseong’. It has 84 cm of culm length and 124 spikelets per panicle. This variety showed similar cold tolerance to ‘Hwaseong’ while exposed to cold stress. ‘Seonpum’ showed resistance to blast disease, stripe virus and K1, K2 and K3 race of bacterial blight, but susceptible to K3a race, other viruses and planthoppers. The milled rice of this variety exhibits translucent, clear non-glutinous endosperm and short grain shape. It has similar protein content (6.7%) and amylose content (19.4%) to that of ‘Hwaseong’. ‘Seonpum’ showed better palatability index of cooked rice than that of ‘Hwaseong’. Its milled rice recovery rate is similar to those of ‘Hwaseong’. However, whole grain rate of milled rice is higher than that of ‘Hwaseong’. ‘Seonpum’ has 5.74 MT/ha of milled rice productivity in ordinary cultivation. ‘Seonpum’ could be adaptable to the middle plain area in Korea. (Registration No.6810).
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