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‘참동진/영호진미’ 재조합집단을 이용한 수발아와 저온발아성 양적형질 유전자좌 분석

박현수1,*, 서정환1, 지현소2, 이길응1, 이창민1, 박재령1, 박송희1, 이건미1, 진민아1, 정오영1

QTL Analysis for Pre-Harvest Sprouting and Low-Temperature Germinability Using Recombinant Inbred Lines Derived from a Cross between ‘Chamdongjin’ and ‘Younghojinmi’

Korean Journal of Breeding Science 2024;56(2):79-95.
Published online: June 1, 2024

1농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 작물육종과

2농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 유전자공학과

1Crop Breeding Division, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea

2Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA, Jeonju 54874, Republic of Korea

*Corresponding to Hyun-Su ParkTEL. +82-63-238-5214FAX. +82-63-238-5205E-mail. mayoe@korea.kr
• Received: April 14, 2024   • Revised: May 7, 2024   • Accepted: May 13, 2024

Copyright © 2024 by the Korean Society of Breeding Science

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Quantitative Trait Locus Analysis for Quality-Related Traits Using the Recombinant Inbred Lines Derived from a Cross between “Boramchan” and “Pecos” Japonica Rice
    Hyun-Su Park, Chang-Min Lee, Jeonghwan Seo, Songhee Park, Hyeonso Ji, Keon-Mi Lee, Jae-Ryoung Park, O-Young Jeong
    Korean Journal of Breeding Science.2025; 57(4): 373.     CrossRef
  • ‘Amissal’: A Region-specific, Mid-late Maturing Long-grain Japonica Rice Cultivar
    Hyun-Su Park, Chang-Min Lee, Ki-Young Kim, O-Young Jeong, Ji-Ung Jeung, Su-Keyong Ha, Sang-Chul Park, Sang-Hyeok Lee, Jung-Pil Suh, Mina Jin, Hyun-Sook Lee, Jeonghwan Seo, Songhee Park, Jae-Ryoung Park, Kyeongmin Kang
    Korean Journal of Breeding Science.2025; 57(4): 547.     CrossRef
  • Quantitative Trait Loci Analysis of Quality-Related Traits Using Recombinant Inbred Lines Derived from a Cross between ‘Chamdongjin’ and ‘Younghojinmi’
    Hyun-Su Park, Jeonghwan Seo, Chang-Min Lee, Songhee Park, Keon-Mi Lee, Jae-Ryoung Park, O-Young Jeong
    Korean Journal of Breeding Science.2024; 56(4): 395.     CrossRef

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QTL Analysis for Pre-Harvest Sprouting and Low-Temperature Germinability Using Recombinant Inbred Lines Derived from a Cross between ‘Chamdongjin’ and ‘Younghojinmi’
Korean. J. Breed. Sci.. 2024;56(2):79-95.   Published online June 1, 2024
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QTL Analysis for Pre-Harvest Sprouting and Low-Temperature Germinability Using Recombinant Inbred Lines Derived from a Cross between ‘Chamdongjin’ and ‘Younghojinmi’
Korean. J. Breed. Sci.. 2024;56(2):79-95.   Published online June 1, 2024
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QTL Analysis for Pre-Harvest Sprouting and Low-Temperature Germinability Using Recombinant Inbred Lines Derived from a Cross between ‘Chamdongjin’ and ‘Younghojinmi’
Image Image Image Image Image Image
Fig. 1 Phenotypic distribution of pre-harvest sprouting (A) and low-temperature germinability (B) in the population of 91 RILs derived from a cross between ‘Chamdongjin’ and ‘Younghojinmi’ across two years. The blue and yellow curves and dashed lines represent the density plots and mean values of CY_RIL for the years 2022 and 2023, respectively. The blue and yellow inverted triangles represent the mean values of parents for the years 2022 and 2023, respectively. CDJ: Chamdongjin, YHJM: Younghojinmi.
Fig. 2 Relationship between pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) and low-temperature germinability (LTG). Correlation analysis among traits (A) and principal component analysis (B). PC1: principal component 1, PC2: principal component 2. Among 91 RILs derived from a cross between ‘Chamdongjin’ and ‘Younghojinmi’, 33 lines (sky blue triangle) possess the qLTG3-1 allele (Chamdongjin type), while 58 lines (red circle) possess the qltg3-1 allele (Younghojinmi type).
Fig. 3 Genetic map showing the LOD scores and locations of QTLs associated with pre-harvest sprouting (A) and low-temperature germinability (B) in the population of 91 RILs derived from a cross between ‘Chamdongjin’ and ‘Younghojinmi’. The red, green, and sky blue curves represent LOD scores for the years 2022, 2023, and total (two-year average), respectively. The red, green, and sky blue horizontal lines and symbols indicate the positions and names of QTLs for the years 2022, 2023, and total, respectively.
Fig. 4 Effects of qLTG3-1 alleles on the phenotypes of pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) and low-temperature germinability (LTG) in the CY_RIL population. Box plots showing the variation in PHS (A) and LTG (B) by allele types, qLTG3-1 (Chamdongjin type) and qltg3-1 (Younghojinmi type). The black rectangles indicate the means of PHS and LTG. *** indicates significance at the 0.001 probability level by t-test. Distribution of CY_RIL according to allele types of qLTG3-1 for PHS and LTG (C). Among 91 RILs derived from a cross between ‘Chamdongjin’ and ‘Younghojinmi’, 33 lines (sky blue triangle) possess the qLTG3-1 allele (Chamdongjin type), while 58 lines (red circle) possess the qltg3-1 allele (Younghojinmi type).
Fig. 5 Genotype of qLTG3-1 (A), qPHS1 (B), qPHS11 (C), GF14h (D) associated with pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) at the replicated yield trial of 2023. PCR analysis to confirm the allele type of varieties and elite lines using the gene sepcific DNA markers. qLTG3-1, qPHS1, qPHS11, and GF14h were confirmed by PCR products amplified with primers, qLTG3-1ind, Os01g0111600-16bp, qPHS11_ind18, and GF14h_CAPS3, respectively. The genoypes of qLTG3-1 and qPHS1 were analyzed using capillary electrophoresis with the ZAG DNA analyzer system (Aglient Technologies, Santa Clara, CA, USA). M: size marker, 1: Sindongjin, 2: Chamdongjin, 3: Younghojinmi, 4: Jeonju697, 5: Nampyeong, 6: Samkwang, 7: Saecheongmu, 8: Gangdaechan, 9: Yechan, 10: Namchan, 11: Milyang360, 12: Jeonju677, 13: Jeonju678, 14: Jeonju684, 15: Jeonju685, 16: Jungmo1015, 17: Jeonju707, 18: Sinjinbaek, 19: Seomyeong, 20: Chindeul, 21: Jeonju698, 22: JJ625LG, 23: Miho, 24: Jeonju708, 25: Jeonju699.
Fig. 6 Effects of qLTG3-1 alleles on the phenotypes of pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) and low-temperature germinability (LTG) in the varieties at the yield trial. Box plots showing the variation in PHS (A) and LTG (B) by allele types, qLTG3-1 and qltg3-1. The black rectangles indicate the means of PHS and LTG. NS and * indicate non significant and significant at the 0.1 level by t-test, respectively. Distribution of the varieties according to allele types of qLTG3-1 for PHS and LTG (C). Among 25 varieties at the yield trial, 10 varieties (sky blue triangle) possess the qLTG3-1 allele, while 15 varieties (red circle) possess the qltg3-1 allele.
QTL Analysis for Pre-Harvest Sprouting and Low-Temperature Germinability Using Recombinant Inbred Lines Derived from a Cross between ‘Chamdongjin’ and ‘Younghojinmi’

Descriptive statistics of pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) and low-temperature germinability (LTG) in the population of 91 RILs derived from a cross between ‘Chamdongjin’ and ‘Younghojinmi’ across two years.

Year Trait Mean SDz CV (%) Median Minimum Maximum Range Skew Kurtosis SE Unimodalityy Bimodality
2022 PHS (%) 27.9 17.4 62.4 24.6 1.0 75.9 74.9 0.50 -0.60 1.8 FALSE TRUE
LTG (%) 55.0 12.7 23.2 54.3 25.7 85.7 60.0 0.18 -0.37 1.3 TRUE FALSE
2023 PHS (%) 26.9 17.2 64.0 24.0 3.3 71.9 68.6 0.83 -0.07 1.8 TRUE FALSE
LTG (%) 38.4 14.8 38.4 36.3 7.7 81.7 74.0 0.41 0.06 1.6 TRUE FALSE

QTLs associated with pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) and low-temperature germinability (LTG) identified in the recombinant inbred line population derived from a cross between ‘Chamdongin’ (P1) and ‘Younghojinmi’ (P2) during the years 2022-2023.

Traitz QTL
name
Chr.y Position
(cM)
Interval-flanking markers LODx PVEw (%) Addv Candidate
geneu

left right
PHS qPHS3_2022 3 0 chr03_204361 chr03_517088 10.8 40.8 10.77 qLTG3-1
qPHS3_2023 3 0 chr03_204361 chr03_517088 17.0 24.1 12.51 qLTG3-1
qPHS3_total 3 0 chr03_204361 chr03_517088 18.8 27.5 11.92 qLTG3-1
LTG (qLTG3_2022)t 3 0 chr03_204361 chr03_517088 2.8 13.3 4.72 qLTG3-1
qLTG3_2023 3 0 chr03_204361 chr03_517088 9.4 31.2 9.05 qLTG3-1
qLTG3_total 3 1 chr03_204361 chr03_517088 8.9 27.9 7.13 qLTG3-1

Effects of qLTG3-1 alleles on the phenotype of pre-harvest sprouting and low-temperature germinability.

Allele typez n Pre-harvest sprouting (%) Low-temperature germinability (%)


2022 2023 total 2022 2023 total
qLTG3-1 33 43.8** 44.3** 44.1** 62.4** 49.0** 55.7**
qltg3-1 58 18.8 17.0 17.9 50.7 32.4 41.6
Table 1 Descriptive statistics of pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) and low-temperature germinability (LTG) in the population of 91 RILs derived from a cross between ‘Chamdongjin’ and ‘Younghojinmi’ across two years.

zSD: standard deviation, CV: coefficient of variation, SE: standard error.

yUnimodality and bimodality were determined using the LaplacesDemon package in R.

Table 2 QTLs associated with pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) and low-temperature germinability (LTG) identified in the recombinant inbred line population derived from a cross between ‘Chamdongin’ (P1) and ‘Younghojinmi’ (P2) during the years 2022-2023.

zPHS: pre-harvest sprouting, LTG: low-temperature germinability.

yChromosome number, xLogarithm of the odds score, wPhenotypic variation explained by the QTL.

vAdditive effect, add=(P1 - P2)/2, the positive value of the additive effect indicates that the allele from Chamdongjin (P1) contributes to an increase in the trait value.

uqLTG3-1: Os03g0103300 (chr03:219979..220919).

tThe QTL inside the parenthesis was detected without performing 1,000 permutations.

Table 3 Effects of qLTG3-1 alleles on the phenotype of pre-harvest sprouting and low-temperature germinability.

zChamdongin: qLTG3-1, Younghojinmi: qltg3-1.

**means significant p<0.01 by t-test.