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Research Article

가지 길이가 짧고 기름 함량이 높은 고올레산 땅콩 ‘케이올2호’

오은영1,*, 유경단1, 안다희1, 정재희1, 조현민1, 차영록1, 김성업2, 김정인2, 김민영3, 김상우2, 이정은2, 이은수2, 이명희2

‘K-Ol2’: A Peanut Variety with Short-stem, High-oil, and High-oleic Acid Content

Eunyoung Oh1,*, Gyeong-Dan Yu1, Da-Hee An1, Jaehee Jeong1, Hyun-Min Jo1, Young-Lok Cha1, Sungup Kim2, Jung In Kim2, Min Young Kim3, Sang Woo Kim2, Jeongeun Lee2, Eunsoo Lee2, Myoung-Hee Lee2
Korean Journal of Breeding Science 2025;57(4):465-473.
Published online: December 1, 2025

1농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 소득식량작물연구소

2농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 밭작물개발부

3농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 식품자원개발부

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*Corresponding to Eunyoung OhTEL. +82-61-450-0133E-mail. lavondy10@korea.kr
• Received: July 22, 2025   • Revised: October 15, 2025   • Accepted: October 27, 2025

Copyright © 2025 by the Korean Society of Breeding Science

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  • ‘K-Ol2’ is a high-oil, high-oleic acid peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) variety developed by the National Institute of Crop and Food Science and released in 2022. This variety was derived through pedigree selection from a single cross between the variety ‘Jaseon’ and the high-oleate elite line ‘YG377’. High-oleate lines were selected in the F3 generation using Near-Infrared Spectrophotometry and gas chromatography. ‘K-Ol2’ exhibits a relatively short plant height with main stem and branch lengths of 29 cm and 36 cm, respectively, which are less than those of the check variety ‘Akwang’. The seeds had a brown testa and an elliptical kernel shape, with a 100-seed weight of 87 g and an average of 54 mature pods per plant. Seed composition analysis revealed an average protein content of 29.3% and a high crude fat content of 54.5%. The oleic acid (C18:1) content reached 82.8%, with an oleic to linoleic acid ratio of 28.5:1, significantly higher than that of ‘Akwang’ (2.2:1). In oxidative stability evaluations under accelerated oxidizing conditions, ‘K-Ol2’ exhibited an extended induction time to reach maximum conductivity increase, indicating improved resistance to lipid oxidation. Regional yield trials conducted from 2020 to 2022 demonstrated that ‘K-Ol2’ produced an average yield of 4.60 MT⋅ha-1, representing a 10% increase over ‘Akwang’. Due to its high oil content and improved oxidative stability, ‘K-Ol2’ is expected to play a valuable role in the peanut processing industry (Registration No. 10358).
땅콩(Arachis hypogaea L.)은 전 세계적으로 널리 재배되는 주요 유지작물로 풍부한 지방과 단백질 함량을 바탕으로 불포화지방산과 식이섬유, 비타민 E 등 다양한 생리활성 물질을 포함하고 있어 영양 공급원으로서 활용도가 높다. 이와 같은 특성으로 땅콩은 볶음 땅콩, 땅콩버터, 소스, 제과류 등 다양한 가공식품의 원료로 이용되고 있다(Arya et al. 2016, Gonçalves et al. 2023, Ojiewo et al. 2020). 땅콩의 가공 활용에 있어 주요 성분인 지방의 산패 및 산화는 가공품의 품질에 큰 영향을 미친다(Smith et al. 2014). 특히 지방의 산화 안정성에 영향을 미치는 요소 중 하나는 지방산의 조성이며, 단일불포화지방산인 올레산(oleic acid)은 리놀레산(linoleic acid)과 같은 다가불포화지방산에 비해 이중결합 수가 적어 산소에 대한 반응성이 낮고 상대적으로 산화 속도가 느리다. 가공 활용이 높은 땅콩에서 올레산의 조성비는 중요한 품질 특성으로 작용한다(Gong et al. 2018, O’Keefe et al. 1993). 또한 지방산의 합성에 관여하는 리놀레산 합성효소(ahFAD2) 유전자의 돌연변이 인해 땅콩의 고올레산 함량이 발현되며, 이를 활용한 품종개발과 관련 연구가 보고되고 있다(Chu et al. 2009, Chu et al. 2011, Knauft et al. 1993, Norden et al. 1987).
한편, 땅콩 종실에서 약 46-55% 가량을 차지하는 주요 성분인 지방은 단백질과 일반적으로 음의 상관관계를 보인다(Branch et al. 2024, Li et al. 2022, Li et al. 2025, Nayak et al. 2020, Wang et al. 2012). 땅콩의 지방 함량은 볶음 땅콩과 땅콩버터, 땅콩기름 등 가공 제품의 수율과 물성 및 품질에 영향을 미치는 주요 인자로 작용한다(Ahmed & Ali 1986, Suri et al. 2019, Shi et al. 2017). 특히 볶아서 섭취하는 땅콩의 경우 고온의 열처리 과정에서 수분이 증발하며 공극이 형성되며 이로 인해 추출되는 기름은 볶음 땅콩과 땅콩버터의 부드러운 식감에 기여하는 것으로 보고되어있다(Lykomitros et al. 2018, McDaniel et al. 2012, Sithole et al. 2022, Young et al. 2005, Yu et al. 2021).
따라서 가공용 땅콩 품종 개발에서는 높은 기름 함량을 확보하는 동시에 산화 안정성이 우수한 고올레산 조성비를 갖추는 것이 중요하다. 국내에서 개발된 ‘케이올’ 품종은 올레산 조성이 82.9%로 높으나 종실의 평균 조지방 함량이 50.7%이고 평균 수량은 4.34 MT⋅ha-1으로 낮은 특성을 보인다(Pae et al. 2016). 2018년 개발된 고올레산 품종 ‘해올’은 올레산의 조성비는 83.0%이며 평균 수량은 4.88 MT⋅ha-1로 수량이 보완된 품종이다(Oh et al. 2021). 고올레산 땅콩의 높은 산화 안정성과 이를 통한 땅콩의 가공 활용 확대를 위해, ‘케이올’ 품종의 낮은 수량을 보완하고 동시에 높은 지방 함량과 고올레산 조성비를 유지한 ‘케이올2호’를 새롭게 육성하였다. 본 논문에서는 해당 품종의 육성 경위와 농업적 형질 및 주요 품질 특성을 보고하고자 한다.
‘케이올2호’의 농업형질 및 생산성 평가를 위한 생산력검정시험을 2018년부터 2019년까지 수행하였다. 이후 2020년부터 2022년까지 4개 지역에서 지역적응시험을 진행하였으며, 재배 평가를 위한 표준 품종으로 ‘아광’(Park et al. 2002)을 공시하였다. 재배는 조간, 휴간, 조간 거리를 각각 40, 70, 25 cm로 하여 1휴 2열을 재식간격으로 설정하였다. 시험구는 폭 110 cm, 두께 0.015 mm 규격의 흑색폴리에틸렌유공비닐을 이용하여 멀칭 재배하였으며, 헥타르 당 기비 N-P2O2-K2O: 30-100-100 kg와 석회고토 1 ton, 퇴비 10 ton을 시비하였다. 땅콩은 4월 하순경에 직파하였으며, 유묘 출현 후 ha당 72,730개체 기준으로 재식 주수를 고정하여 재배하였다. ‘케이올2호’의 농업형질, 수량 관련 특성, 병해충과 도복 발생에 대한 평가는 땅콩 연구조사분석기준(RDA 2012)에 준하여 조사하였다. 땅콩의 원줄기 길이와 분지 길이, 총 분지 수는 개화 이후 60일에 시험구 당 식물체 10주를 기준으로 조사하였으며, 개화기 기준 90일에는 시험구 당 6 m2의 수량구를 굴취하여 세척 후, 종실 수분이 약 6% 수준이 될 때까지 건조한 뒤 지하부 수량 구성 요소 및 종실 수량을 평가하였다. 또한 균질화 한 건조 종실 시료를 대상으로 조단백질 함량(RapidNcube, Elementar, Germany), 조지방함량(B811, Buchi, Switzerland)과 지방산 조성비(7890A, Agilent, USA)를 분석하였다(Lee et al. 2016). 추출한 조지방은 지방 내 토코페롤 함량 분석을 위해 20 mg의 시료를 2-propanol 2 mL에 넣고 30분간 초음파 추출(sonication)한 후 0.2 μm 멤브레인 필터로 여과하였다. 분석조건은 HPLC (Ultimate3000, Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA) 장비를 이용하였으며, 컬럼은 Eclipse XDB-C18 (5 μm, 4.6×150 mm, Agilent, USA)을 사용하였으며, 등용매 Methanol: Acetonitrile (30:70, v/v)를 사용하였고, 유속은 1.0 mL/min으로 설정하였다. 꼬투리의 루테올린 함량분석을 위해 균질화 한 꼬투리 1 g을 80% methanol 30 mL에 넣어 250 rpm으로 3시간 추출하였다. 0.2 μm 멤브레인 필터로 여과한 시료를 HPLC (Ultimate3000, Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA)로 분석하였다. 분석에 사용된 컬럼은 Eclipse XDB-C18 (5 μm, 4.6×150 mm, Agilent, USA)으로 330 nm의 파장으로 검출하였다. 이동상 용매는 (A) H2O (0.1% acetic acid)와 (B) Acetonitrile (0.1% acetic acid)를 사용하였으며, gradient 조건은 다음과 같다: 0 min, 5% B; 5 min, 10% B; 10 min, 20% B; 15 min, 25% B; 20 min, 30% B; 30 min, 50% B; 40 min, 65%. 기름의 산화 안정성 분석은 유압식 착유기(DB-700, Dongbang Machinery, South Korea)로 추출한 시료를 120℃로 가열하면서 시간당 20 L의 공기를 주입하여 산화를 유도하였으며, 포집된 유기산으로 인한 전기전도도의 증가를 측정하였다(Biodiesel Rancimat 873, Metrohm, Switzerland).
육성경위
‘케이올2호’는 종실 내 높은 지방 함량과 고올레산 조성을 유지하면서, 기존 고올레산 품종인 ‘케이올’(Pae et al. 2016)의 낮은 수량을 개선하기 위해 개발된 품종이다. 모본으로 지상부가 직립형이고 도복에 강한 대립 품종 ‘자선’(Pae et al. 2014)과, 고올레산 특성이 있으면서 분지 수가 많고 분지 길이가 짧은 ‘YG377-B-5’를 사용하여 2012년에 교배한 후, 이후 세대를 계통 육성법으로 선발하였다(Figs. 1, 2). 2014년에는 F2 계통을 시험포장에 전개하여, 분지 수가 많고 분지 길이가 짧은 중대립 특성을 지닌 개체들을 계통 포장에서 선발하였으며, 채종한 F3 종자를 대상으로 근적외선 분광법을 이용하여 고올레산 개체 선발을 실시하였다. F3 세대 이후에는 가스크로마토그래피를 이용하여 고올레산 조성비를 검증하였으며, 이후 세대를 거치며 지상부 특성이 양호하고 지하부 수량성이 우수한 계통들을 달관 평가하여 선발하였다. 2018년부터 2019년에 거쳐 생산력검정시험을 통해 지상부 특성과 수량성을 검정하였으며, 해당 계통을 ‘밀양91호’로 명명하여 2020년부터 2022년까지 3년 간 밀양, 청주, 대구, 익산의 4개 지역에서 지역적응시험을 수행하였다. 그 결과 수량성과 내도복성의 우수함이 인정되어 2022년도 직무육성 신품종선정위원회의의 심사를 거쳐 ‘케이올2호’로 명명되었다.
고유특성 및 일반특성
‘케이올2호’는 분지에만 개화하는 버지니아 초형으로, 잎의 색은 녹색이며 잎의 크기는 ‘아광’과 비슷하다. ‘케이올2호’의 종실은 꼬투리당 2개씩 맺히며, 종자의 모양은 장폭비가 약 1.81로 상대적으로 짧은 장구형 형태를 보인다. ‘케이올2호’의 종피색은 ‘아광’과 같은 갈색이다(Table 1, Fig. 3). ‘케이올2호’의 평균 개화기는 6월 12일로, 대조 품종 ‘아광’에 비해 3일 늦었다. 원줄기의 길이는 29 cm로 ‘아광’에 비해 유의하게 짧았으며, 분지 길이는 약 36 cm로 마찬가지로 ‘아광’과 비교하여 유의하게 짧았다. ‘케이올2호’의 평균 분지 수는 18개로 ‘아광’의 16개와 비교하여 유의한 차이는 나타나지 않았다(Table 2). ‘케이올2호’의 지하부 특성으로는 개체당 평균 성숙 꼬투리 수가 54개, 성숙 꼬투리의 비율은 79%였으며, 꼬투리 대비 종실 비율은 약 76%로 나타났다. 건조된 ‘케이올2호’의 100립 무게는 87 g이며, 꼬투리 1개당 평균 종실의 개수는 1.92개였다(Table 3).
내병충성 및 내도복성
‘케이올2호’는 대조 품종인 ‘아광’과 비교할 때, 지역적응시험 3년 평균 기준으로 성숙기 갈색무늬병(Cercospora arachidicola)의 발생이 다소 높았으나 그물무늬병(Phoma arachidicola) 발생은 적게 관찰되었다. 검은무늬병(Cercosporidium personatum)은 ‘아광’과 비슷한 수준으로 발생하였다. 지역적응시험 포장 내에서 관찰된 거세미나방과 풍뎅이류 유충에 의한 피해 정도는 ‘아광’보다 낮게 조사되었다. ‘케이올2호’의 도복 정도는 평균적으로 ‘아광’보다 낮은 편이었다(Table 4).
품질특성
‘케이올2호’ 종실 건물의 조단백질 함량은 29.3%이며 조지방 함량은 54.5%로 ‘아광’의 52.8%보다 유의하게 높았다(Table 5). ‘케이올2호’의 포화지방산(팔미트산, 스테아르산, 아라키드산, 베헨산)의 조성 합은 12.7%였으며, 불포화지방산(올레산, 리놀레산, 에이코센산)의 조성 합은 87.3%를 나타내었다. 반면 ‘아광’의 포화지방산의 조성 합은 15.9%로 상대적으로 높았다. ‘케이올2호’의 불포화지방산 중 올레산(C18:1)은 전체 지방산의 약 82.8%를 차지하여 리놀레산(C18:2, 2.9%)에 비해 높은 비율로 분포하였다. ‘아광’ 대비 ‘케이올2호’의 올레산과 리놀레산의 비율(O/L 비)는 28.5로 ‘아광’에 비해 약 13배 높아 고올레산과 상대적으로 낮은 리놀레산의 지방산 특성을 나타내었다. 지방 내 토코페롤 함량은 ‘케이올2호’에서 델타-토코페롤이 12.2 μg/g, 감마-토코페롤이 207.0 μg/g, 알파-토코페롤이 259.0 μg/g으로 나타났으며, 건조시킨 꼬투리의 루테올린 함량은 꼬투리 g당 2705.3 μg로 ‘아광’의 1948.6 μg과 비교하여 유의하게 높았다. 이와 같은 ‘케이올2호’의 고올레산 조성은 기름의 품질, 특히 산화안정성과 밀접한 연관이 있다고 알려져 있다. 산소와의 반응성이 상대적으로 낮은 단일불포화지방산인 올레산은 리놀레산과 비교하여 약 10배 높은 산화안정성을 가지며, 이로 인해 지질의 산패로부터 유래되는 과산화물 생성과 산패취의 발생을 늦춰주는 역할을 한다(O’keefe et al. 1993). Davis 등(2016)은 땅콩 기름의 O/L비가 증가함에 따라 산화안정성 지표(Oxidative stability index)가 로그 곡선을 보이며 증가하였으며, O/L비 21 이상의 땅콩 기름에서만 24주 보관에도 관능 평가에서 산패취가 나타나지 않았다고 보고하여, 높은 O/L비가 땅콩의 보관기간을 증가시킨다고 밝혔다. ‘케이올2호’의 기름을 대상으로 강제 산화 처리를 실시하고 전기전도도를 측정한 결과, ‘아광’은 평균 13.29시간에 시간당 전기전도도 증가의 최대값이 측정된 반면, ‘케이올2호’는 같은 조건에서 평균 37.29시간에 최대값이 측정되어, ‘아광’ 대비 약 2.8배 긴 시간이 소요되었다. 이는 O/L비가 28.5인 ‘케이올2호’가 높은 산화 안정성을 나타냄을 의미한다(Fig. 4).
수량성
‘케이올2호’의 지역적응시험을 2020년부터 3년간 4개 지역(밀양, 청주, 익산, 대구)에서 수행되었으며, 지역 및 연도별 평균 종실땅콩 수량을 평가하였다(Table 6). ‘케이올2호’의 평균 종실땅콩 수량은 4.60 MT⋅ha-1으로, 평균 4.17 MT⋅ha-1인 ‘아광’ 대비 110% 수준이었다(Table 6). ‘케이올2호’는 대구를 제외한 3개 지역에서 평균 수량 5.17 MT⋅ha-1로 ‘아광’의 4.57 MT⋅ha-1와 비교하여 일부 시험 연도를 제외하고 고른 증수 경향을 나타내었다. ‘케이올2호’는 100립중은 약 87 g으로 높지는 않으나, 주당 성숙 꼬투리 수가 많고 성숙 꼬투리 비율이 79%로 높은 편이다. 또한 꼬투리와 종실의 무게 비율이 76%를 나타내어, 꼬투리 당 균일도와 종실의 높은 충실도가 수량 증가의 요인이 된 것으로 보인다. 아울러 땅콩에 있어 식물체의 키와 도복의 정도는 유의한 정의 상관관계를 보이며, 상대적으로 키가 짧아지면서 도복이 감소하고 광합성 효율이 증가하는 것이 보고된 바가 있다(Zhao et al. 2022). 이를 통해 ‘케이올2호’의 상대적으로 짧은 원줄기 길이와 분지 길이, 그리고 생육 후기 도복에 강한 특성이 후기 등숙에 유리하게 작용하여 수량 증가에 기여한 것으로 보인다.
적응지역 및 재배상의 유의점
‘케이올2호’는 경기 북부 및 강원도 산간지 등 적산온도가 낮은 지역을 제외한 전국 대부분의 지역에서 재배가 적합하다. ‘케이올2호’는 지상부의 분지 수가 많으며 분지 길이가 짧은 특성을 가지므로, 적기에 파종하여 초기에 주당 재식밀도를 확보하는 것이 중요하다. 또한, 생육초기에 분지 수 확보와 개화를 위한 충분한 생육량을 갖추기 위해서는 양수분 관리를 적절하게 조정하여 착협시기가 늦어지지 않도록 관리해주는 것이 중요하다. 땅콩의 개화기와 성숙기에 발생하는 한발 피해는 꼬투리당 립수와 백립중 감소로 이어질 수 있으므로 수분 관리에 유의해야 한다.
‘케이올2호’는 땅콩의 기름, 땅콩버터 등 가공 활용을 높이기 위해 고올레산과 높은 기름함량, 그리고 다수성을 목표로 개발되었다. 도복에 강한 직립 품종 ‘자선’과 고올레산 단경 유망계통 ‘YG377-B-5’를 교배하여, 계통육성법으로 분지 수가 많고 분지 길이가 짧은 지상부 형태와 더불어, 중대립의 종실 크기를 갖추며 꼬투리 크기의 균일성이 우수한 계통들을 선발하였다. 또한, 종실 성분으로는 기름 함량이 높고 고올레산 조성비가 우수한 개체들을 선발하여 육성하였다. ‘케이올2호’는 100립중이 약 87 g 정도이며, 종실의 형태는 장구형으로 갈색을 띤다. 평균 꼬투리 수는 약 54개, 꼬투리당 종실 무게의 비율은 약 76%, 성숙한 꼬투리가 전체 꼬투리에서 차지하는 비율은 약 79%로 나타났다. 지역적응시험 결과, 3년 평균 종실 수량은 4.60 MT⋅ha-1로, 대조 품종 ‘아광’ 대비 약 110% 수준의 수량성을 보였다. ‘케이올2호’는 지방산 조성 중 올레산의 비율이 약 82.8%로 높으며, 건조 종실의 조지방의 함량도 54.5%로 높은 편이었다. 또한 ‘케이올2호’는 기름의 강제 산화 처리 실험에서 ‘아광’에 비해 기름의 산화로 유도되는 전기전도도 증가가 약 2.8배 더디게 나타나, 상대적으로 우수한 산화 안정성을 보였다.
본 연구는 농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 연구개발사업(PJ017387052025)에 의해 수행되었습니다.
Fig. 1
Pedigree diagram of ‘K-Ol2’ peanut.
kjbs-57-4-465-f1.jpg
Fig. 2
Genealogical diagram of ‘K-Ol2’.
kjbs-57-4-465-f2.jpg
Fig. 3
Plant (A), pod (B) and seed (C) of ‘Akwang’ (left) and ‘K-Ol2’ (right) peanut.
kjbs-57-4-465-f3.jpg
Fig. 4
Variation in conductivity of ‘Akwang’ and ‘K-Ol2’ oil sample under accelerated oxidation condition (120℃, 20 L/h aeration).
kjbs-57-4-465-f4.jpg
Table 1
Inherent characteristics of ‘K-Ol2’.
Table 1
Variety Plant type Pod setting Leaf color Leaf size Seeds per pod Seed shape
(length/width)		 Testa color
K-Ol2 Virginia Branch Green Medium 2 Ellipse

(1.81)		 Brown
Akwang Shinpung Main stem & branch Green Medium 2 Ellipse

(1.64)		 Brown
Table 2
Agronomic characteristics of ‘K-Ol2’ (2020-2022, Regional yield trial).
Table 2
Variety Flowering date Length of main stem (cm) Length of branch (cm) No. of branch per plant
K-Ol2 June 12 29±2.1* z 36±2.4*** 18±1.5ns
Akwang June 9 40±2.3 49±2.5 16±1.6

Values are presented as mean±standard error (n=12).

zns indicates no significant difference, * indicates significant difference at p<0.05, and *** indicates significant difference at p<0.001.

Table 3
Pod and seed characteristics of ‘K-Ol2’ (2020-2022, Regional Yield Trial).
Table 3
Variety No. of pod per plant Matured pods (%) Shelling ratio (%) Wt. of 100 seed (g) No. of seeds per pod
K-Ol2 54±5.7ns z 79±3.1ns 76±1.0ns 87±3.8ns 1.92±0.04ns
Akwang 52±5.9 76±3.4 74±1.2 86±3.3 1.89±0.03

Values are presented as mean±standard error.

zns indicates no significant difference at p<0.05.

Table 4
Evaluation of resistance to major peanut disease, insect, and lodging of ‘K-Ol2’ (2020-2022, Regional Yield Trial).
Table 4
Variety Disease severity (0-9)z Insect damage
(0-9)y 		Lodging (0-9)x
Early leaf spot
Cercospora arachidicola 		Late leaf spot
Cercosporidium personatum 		Web blotch
Phoma arachidicola
K-Ol2 3 1 1 1 1
Akwang 1 1 3 3 3

z0; None, 1; 0.1~10%, 3; 10.1~20%, 5; 20.1~30%, 7; 30.1~50%, 9; over 50.1%.

y0; None, 1; 0.1~2%, 3; 20.1~5%, 5; 5.1~10%, 7; 10.1~30%, 9; over 30.1%.

x0; None, 1; under 5%, 3; 10~20%, 5; 30~40%, 7; 50~60%, 9; over 70%.

Table 5
Chemical properties of dried kernel of ‘K-Ol2’ (2020-2022, Regional Yield Trial, Miryang).
Table 5
Variety Protein
(%)		 Crude fat
(%)		 Fatty acid composition (%)z O/L ratioy Tocopherols (μg/g oil) Luteolin
(μg/g pod)
Pal. Ste. Ole. Lin. Ara. Eic. Beh. δ-T γ-T α-T
K-Ol2 29.3ns x 54.5* 6.1* 2.7ns 82.8** 2.9** 1.3ns 1.6* 2.6ns 28.5 12.2ns 207.0* 259.0ns 2705.3*
Akwang 30.5 52.8 8.8 3.1 57.1 25.7 1.4 1.3 2.6 2.2 18.9 329.2 245.4 1948.6

zPal.: palmitic acid, Ste.: stearic acid, Ole.: oleic acid, Lin.: linoleic acid, Ara.: arachidic acid, Eic.: eicosenoic acid, Beh.: behenic acid.

yRatio of oleic acid to linoleic acid.

xns indicates no significant difference, * indicates significant difference at p<0.05, and ** indicates significant difference at p<0.01 in the t-test.

Table 6
Summarized seed yield of ‘K-Ol2’ in regional yield trial (2020-2022).
Table 6
Location K-Ol2 (MT/ha, A) Index
(A/B)		 Akwang (MT/ha, B)
2020 2021 2022 Meanz 2020 2021 2022 Mean
Miryang 3.77 4.69 3.61 4.02 110 3.65 4.44 2.84 3.64
Cheongju 4.29 5.54 4.77 4.87 113 4.43 4.14 4.36 4.31
Iksan 5.33 6.54 7.97 6.61 115 4.66 5.41 7.22 5.76
Daegu 3.63 3.23 1.78 2.88 98 3.51 3.40 1.92 2.94
Meanz 4.26 5.00 4.53 4.60* 110 4.06 4.35 4.09 4.17

z* indicates significant difference at p<0.05 in the paired t-test.

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‘K-Ol2’: A Peanut Variety with Short-stem, High-oil, and High-oleic Acid Content
Korean. J. Breed. Sci.. 2025;57(4):465-473.   Published online December 1, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.9787/KJBS.2025.57.4.465
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‘K-Ol2’: A Peanut Variety with Short-stem, High-oil, and High-oleic Acid Content
Korean. J. Breed. Sci.. 2025;57(4):465-473.   Published online December 1, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.9787/KJBS.2025.57.4.465
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‘K-Ol2’: A Peanut Variety with Short-stem, High-oil, and High-oleic Acid Content
Image Image Image Image
Fig. 1 Pedigree diagram of ‘K-Ol2’ peanut.
Fig. 2 Genealogical diagram of ‘K-Ol2’.
Fig. 3 Plant (A), pod (B) and seed (C) of ‘Akwang’ (left) and ‘K-Ol2’ (right) peanut.
Fig. 4 Variation in conductivity of ‘Akwang’ and ‘K-Ol2’ oil sample under accelerated oxidation condition (120℃, 20 L/h aeration).

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

‘K-Ol2’: A Peanut Variety with Short-stem, High-oil, and High-oleic Acid Content

Inherent characteristics of ‘K-Ol2’.

Variety Plant type Pod setting Leaf color Leaf size Seeds per pod Seed shape
(length/width)		 Testa color
K-Ol2 Virginia Branch Green Medium 2 Ellipse

(1.81)		 Brown
Akwang Shinpung Main stem & branch Green Medium 2 Ellipse

(1.64)		 Brown

Agronomic characteristics of ‘K-Ol2’ (2020-2022, Regional yield trial).

Variety Flowering date Length of main stem (cm) Length of branch (cm) No. of branch per plant
K-Ol2 June 12 29±2.1* z 36±2.4*** 18±1.5ns
Akwang June 9 40±2.3 49±2.5 16±1.6

Pod and seed characteristics of ‘K-Ol2’ (2020-2022, Regional Yield Trial).

Variety No. of pod per plant Matured pods (%) Shelling ratio (%) Wt. of 100 seed (g) No. of seeds per pod
K-Ol2 54±5.7ns z 79±3.1ns 76±1.0ns 87±3.8ns 1.92±0.04ns
Akwang 52±5.9 76±3.4 74±1.2 86±3.3 1.89±0.03

Evaluation of resistance to major peanut disease, insect, and lodging of ‘K-Ol2’ (2020-2022, Regional Yield Trial).

Variety Disease severity (0-9)z Insect damage
(0-9)y		 Lodging (0-9)x
Early leaf spot
Cercospora arachidicola		 Late leaf spot
Cercosporidium personatum		 Web blotch
Phoma arachidicola
K-Ol2 3 1 1 1 1
Akwang 1 1 3 3 3

Chemical properties of dried kernel of ‘K-Ol2’ (2020-2022, Regional Yield Trial, Miryang).

Variety Protein
(%)		 Crude fat
(%)		 Fatty acid composition (%)z O/L ratioy Tocopherols (μg/g oil) Luteolin
(μg/g pod)
Pal. Ste. Ole. Lin. Ara. Eic. Beh. δ-T γ-T α-T
K-Ol2 29.3ns x 54.5* 6.1* 2.7ns 82.8** 2.9** 1.3ns 1.6* 2.6ns 28.5 12.2ns 207.0* 259.0ns 2705.3*
Akwang 30.5 52.8 8.8 3.1 57.1 25.7 1.4 1.3 2.6 2.2 18.9 329.2 245.4 1948.6

Summarized seed yield of ‘K-Ol2’ in regional yield trial (2020-2022).

Location K-Ol2 (MT/ha, A) Index
(A/B)		 Akwang (MT/ha, B)
2020 2021 2022 Meanz 2020 2021 2022 Mean
Miryang 3.77 4.69 3.61 4.02 110 3.65 4.44 2.84 3.64
Cheongju 4.29 5.54 4.77 4.87 113 4.43 4.14 4.36 4.31
Iksan 5.33 6.54 7.97 6.61 115 4.66 5.41 7.22 5.76
Daegu 3.63 3.23 1.78 2.88 98 3.51 3.40 1.92 2.94
Meanz 4.26 5.00 4.53 4.60* 110 4.06 4.35 4.09 4.17
Table 1 Inherent characteristics of ‘K-Ol2’.
Table 2 Agronomic characteristics of ‘K-Ol2’ (2020-2022, Regional yield trial).

Values are presented as mean±standard error (n=12).

zns indicates no significant difference, * indicates significant difference at p<0.05, and *** indicates significant difference at p<0.001.

Table 3 Pod and seed characteristics of ‘K-Ol2’ (2020-2022, Regional Yield Trial).

Values are presented as mean±standard error.

zns indicates no significant difference at p<0.05.

Table 4 Evaluation of resistance to major peanut disease, insect, and lodging of ‘K-Ol2’ (2020-2022, Regional Yield Trial).

z0; None, 1; 0.1~10%, 3; 10.1~20%, 5; 20.1~30%, 7; 30.1~50%, 9; over 50.1%.

y0; None, 1; 0.1~2%, 3; 20.1~5%, 5; 5.1~10%, 7; 10.1~30%, 9; over 30.1%.

x0; None, 1; under 5%, 3; 10~20%, 5; 30~40%, 7; 50~60%, 9; over 70%.

Table 5 Chemical properties of dried kernel of ‘K-Ol2’ (2020-2022, Regional Yield Trial, Miryang).

zPal.: palmitic acid, Ste.: stearic acid, Ole.: oleic acid, Lin.: linoleic acid, Ara.: arachidic acid, Eic.: eicosenoic acid, Beh.: behenic acid.

yRatio of oleic acid to linoleic acid.

xns indicates no significant difference, * indicates significant difference at p<0.05, and ** indicates significant difference at p<0.01 in the t-test.

Table 6 Summarized seed yield of ‘K-Ol2’ in regional yield trial (2020-2022).

z* indicates significant difference at p<0.05 in the paired t-test.

Table 1

Table 2

Table 3

Table 4

Table 5

Table 6

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