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프로토파낙사디올 강화 GM벼의 주요 농업 특성 비교 평가

김나연1, 장예진1, 박종찬1, 이성곤1, 장안철1, 백소현2, 최용의3, 정남진4, 윤도원1, 오성덕1,*

Comparative Evaluation of Major Agronomic Traits of Protopanaxadiol-enriched GM Rice

Korean Journal of Breeding Science 2025;57(3):205-215.
Published online: September 1, 2025

1농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 생물안전성과

2순천대학교 웰빙자원학과

3강원대학교 산림자원학전공

4전북대학교 농학과

1Biosafety Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, 54874, Republic of Korea

2Department of Agricultural Life Science, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 59722, Republic of Korea

3Department of Forest Resources, College of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea

4Department of Crop Science and Biotechnology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea

*Corresponding to Sung-Dug OhTEL. +82-63-238-4735E-mail. ohbaboh@korea.kr
• Received: April 3, 2025   • Revised: June 6, 2025   • Accepted: July 9, 2025

Copyright © 2025 by the Korean Society of Breeding Science

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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  • Comparative Analysis of Compositional Equivalence in Drought-Tolerant Genetically Modified Soybeans
    Ha-Jung Kang, Hyoun-Min Park, Sung-Dug Oh, Ye-Jin Jang, Jong-Chan Park, Seon-Woo Oh, Sang-Gu Lee, Soo-Yun Park, An-Cheol Chang
    Korean Journal of Breeding Science.2025; 57(4): 445.     CrossRef

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Comparative Evaluation of Major Agronomic Traits of Protopanaxadiol-enriched GM Rice
Korean. J. Breed. Sci.. 2025;57(3):205-215.   Published online September 1, 2025
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Korean. J. Breed. Sci.. 2025;57(3):205-215.   Published online September 1, 2025
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Comparative Evaluation of Major Agronomic Traits of Protopanaxadiol-enriched GM Rice
Image Image Image
Fig. 1 Schematic diagram of T-DNA region of the plasmid for overexpressing the CYP716A47 and PgDDS genes.
Fig. 2 Photographs of dongjinbyeo (white sign) and PPD-enriched GM rice (yellow sign) before (A) and after 8 days of treatment with 0.5% glufosinate ammonium (B).
Fig. 3 (A) Immunostrip test to identify bar protein expressed in PPD-enriched GM rice. N/C, distilled water of negative control; DJ, dongjinbyeo; T5, T6, T7: PPD-enriched GM rice. (B) The PCR analysis for detection of insert gene in PPD-enriched GM rice. N/C, distilled water of negative control; DJ, dongjinbyeo; T5, T6, T7: PPD-enriched GM rice; CYP716A47: protopanaxadiol synthase gene; PgDDS: dammarenediol-Ⅱ synthase gene; bar: glufosinate ammonium resistant gene; SPS: internal control in rice.
Comparative Evaluation of Major Agronomic Traits of Protopanaxadiol-enriched GM Rice

PCR primers used for amplification of T-DNA flanking regions.

Primer Primer sequence (5'-3')
RB1 AAGCTTAGCTTGAGCTTGGATCAGATTGTC
RB2 TTGTCGTTTCCCGCCTTCAG
LB1 TTCAAGCACGGGAACTGGCATGAC
LB2 GTTTCTGGCAGCTGGACTTC

Primers used for PCR analysis of backbone DNA detection.

Probe Primer Primer sequence (5'-3') Product Size (bp)
Bar Forward TCAAATCTCGGTGACGGG 466
Reverse CGAGACAAGCACGGTCAA

PgDDS Forward ACACCTCTGCATAGAGCAGC 175
Reverse GCAACCAAACACGTTTCCGA

CYP716A47 Forward TGAAGGAAATGGTCCGGCTC 186
Reverse TGCGCAAATCTTGGAATGGG

SPS Forward AAGTGTTGCATTCCCCAAGC 91
Reverse ACATGACTGGTGACAGACCTTCA

Major agronomic traits of the dongjin and PPD-enriched GM rice.

Cultivar Days to heading Culm length
(cm)
Panicle length
(cm)
No. of tiller Grain weight
per plant (g)
Dongjin 108.0±7.0 a 85.3±3.7 a 20.2±0.9 b 9.6±0.8 ab 30.03±0.78 a
PPD-enriched GM rice 109.0±7.0 a 84.1±1.6 a 20.2±0.5 b 8.6±0.4 b 28.43±2.26 a
Anmiz 100.0±2.8 a 74.5±2.5 b 23.2±1.0 a 15.2±4.0 a 32.44±6.41 a
Nipponbarez 107.7±4.2 a 80.4±4.5 ab 20.5±0.2 b 15.5±4.7 a 28.41±3.27 a
Literature 46-111y 55.0-122.0y 15.7-29.6x 5.6-18.8x -

Grain characteristics of brown rice in dongjin and PPD-enriched GM rice.

Cultivar Brown rice (mm) Length/width ratio 1000-grains weight (g)

Length Width
Dongjin 5.10±0.04 b 2.97±0.02 a 1.72±0.03 b 24.47±0.15 a
PPD-enriched GM rice 5.23±0.03 a 2.93±0.07 ab 1.79±0.03 a 24.00±0.45 a
Anmiz 5.04±0.00 b 2.87±0.03 b 1.76±0.02 ab 21.32±0.34 c
Nipponbarez 5.11±0.05 b 2.89±0.00 ab 1.78±0.02 ab 22.34±0.08 b
Literaturey 4.67-5.91 2.84-3.05 0.56-1.90 21.8-25.9

Protopanaxadiol content of PPD-enriched GM rice and Dongjin.

Cultivar Protopanaxadiol content (µg/g DW)
Dongjin NDz b
GM rice (T5) 15.0±1.2 a
GM rice (T6) 17.5±1.6 a
GM rice (T7) 16.5±6.0 a
Table 1 PCR primers used for amplification of T-DNA flanking regions.
Table 2 Primers used for PCR analysis of backbone DNA detection.
Table 3 Major agronomic traits of the dongjin and PPD-enriched GM rice.

The data were collected over three consecutive years with three replicates in Jeonju.

Values are presented as means±standard deviation (SD).

Means followed by different letters within the same column are significantly different at p<0.05.

zAnmi and nipponbare; non-transgenic cultivar was cultivated in Jeonju during 2021 and 2022.

yDays to heading and culm length were referenced from Lee et al. (2020), which evaluated 276 Korean rice varieties, including 87 early-maturing, 96 mid-maturing and 114 mid-to-late-maturing varieties.

xPanicle length and number of tiller were reference was obtained from Kim et al. (2016), which included data on 243 Korean rice varieties.

Table 4 Grain characteristics of brown rice in dongjin and PPD-enriched GM rice.

The data were collected over three consecutive years with three replicates in Jeonju.

Values are presented as means±standard deviation (SD).

Means followed by different letters within the same column are significantly different at p<0.05.

zAnmi and nipponbare; non-transgenic cultivar was cultivated in Jeonju during 2021 and 2022.

yGrain characteristics were referenced from Lee et al. (2012), which included data on four Korean rice cultivars.

Table 5 Protopanaxadiol content of PPD-enriched GM rice and Dongjin.

zND, not detected.

Values are presented as means±standard deviation (SD).

Means followed by different letters within the same column are significantly different at p<0.05.