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한국형 밀 핵심집단의 유전적 다양성과 집단 구조 분석

민경도1, 강유나2, 김창수2, 최창현3, 김재윤1,*

Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Korean Common Wheat (Triticum Aestivum)

Kyeong Do Min1, Yu Na Kang2, Chang Soo Kim2, Chang Hyun Choi3, Jae Yoon Kim1,*
Korean Journal of Breeding Science 2021;53(3):277-288.
Published online: September 1, 2021

1국립공주대학교 산업과학대학 식물자원학과

2국립충남대학교 농업과학대학 식물자원학과

3국립식량과학원 밀연구팀

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*Corresponding Author (E-mail: jaeyoonkim@kongju.ac.kr, Tel: +82-41-330-1203, Fax: +82-41-330-1209)
• Received: July 23, 2021   • Revised: July 23, 2021   • Accepted: August 4, 2021

Copyright © 2021 by the Korean Society of Breeding Science

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Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Korean Common Wheat (Triticum Aestivum)
Korean. J. Breed. Sci.. 2021;53(3):277-288.   Published online September 1, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.9787/KJBS.2021.53.3.277
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Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Korean Common Wheat (Triticum Aestivum)
Korean. J. Breed. Sci.. 2021;53(3):277-288.   Published online September 1, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.9787/KJBS.2021.53.3.277
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Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Korean Common Wheat (Triticum Aestivum)
Image Image Image Image
Fig. 1 Part of PCR band (1-95 accession×6 SSR markers) using QIAxcel (digital electrophoresis). The top line and bottom line are the alignment markers provided by the company to correct each PCR products (alignment marker).
Fig. 2 Phylogenetic tree tor the core collection 614 accession.
Fig. 3 Calculating delta K of core collection (a), structure (b), simple neighbor joining tree (c) and clustering (d). Using the structure program at based PCR results discovery optimal values and separate groups. Discovering optimal value delta K.
Fig. 4 A total of 21 agricultural traits for single marker analysis at the core collection 1,967 accession. The horizontal axis is the marker name and vertical axis is the size of the value. Red line mean: cut off LOD 5.

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Korean Common Wheat (Triticum Aestivum)

Genetic resources of origin country in this study.

No. Country Resources No. Country Resources No. Country Resources
1 Afghanistan 72 21 France 16 41 Pakistan 11
2 Argentina 12 22 Germany 14 42 Peru 3
3 Armenia 4 23 Greece 31 43 Poland 14
4 Australia 11 24 Hungary 18 44 Portugal 43
5 Austria 7 25 India 48 45 PRT 12
6 BGR 7 26 Iran 3 46 Romania 6
7 Bosnia & Herzegovina 20 27 Iraq 8 47 Russia 49
8 BRA 2 28 ISR 2 48 South Africa 6
9 Bulgaria 30 29 Italy 17 49 Spain 16
10 Canada 18 30 JPN 24 50 SVN 1
11 CHN 159 31 KGZ 4 51 SWE 1
12 CHL 4 32 Kenya 5 52 Syria 13
13 COL 6 33 South Korea 342 53 THK 3
14 Croatia 19 34 Lebanon 6 54 TUN 3
15 CUB 1 35 Macedonia 15 55 Turkey 44
16 Ecuador 2 36 Mexico 367 56 Ukraine 17
17 Egypt 8 37 Mongolia 18 57 USA 155
18 ETG 6 38 Morocco 4 58 Uzbekistan 5
19 Ethiopia 76 39 Nepal 2 59 Yemen 1
20 FIN 2 40 NLD 5 60 YUG 1

List of used SSR marker primers in this study. Each primers were designed as described in Balfourier et al. (2007).

Primer Forward (5'→3') Reverse (5'→3')
Xgwm2-3A CTGCAAGCCTGTGATCAACT CATTCTCAAATGATGGAACA
Xgwm5-3A GCCAGCTACCTCGATACAACTC AGAAAGGGCCAGGCTAGTAGT
Xgwm11-1B GGATAGTCAGACAATTCTTGTG GTGAATTGTGTCTTGTATGCTTCC
Xgwm44-7D GTTGAGCTTTTCAGTTCGGC AGTGGCATCCACTGAGCTG
Xgwm46-7B GCACGTGAATGGATTGGAC TGACCCAATAGTGGTGGTCA
Xgwm99-1A AAGATGGACGTATGCATCACA GCCATATTTGATGACGCATA
Xgwm120-2B GATCCACCTTCCTCTCTCTC GATTATACTGGTGCCGAAAC
Xgwm135-1A TGTCAACATCGTTTTGAAAAGG ACACTGTCAACCTGGCAATG
Xgwm149-4B CATTGTTTTCTGCCTCTAGCC CTAGCATCGAACCTGAACAAG
Xgwm196-6A ACCACTGCAGAGAACACATACG GTGCTCTGCTCTAAGTGTGGG
Xgwm186-5A GCAGAGCCTGGTTCAAAAAG CGCCTCTAGCGAGAGCTATG
Xgwm190-5D GTGCTTGCTGAGCTATGAGTC GTGCCACGTGGTACCTTTG
Xgwm219-6B GATGAGCGACACCTAGCCTC GGGGTCCGAGTCCACAAC
Xgwm233-7A TCAAAACATAAATGTTCATTGGA TCAACCGTGTGTAATTTTGTCC
Xgwm234-5B GAGTCCTGATGTGAAGCTGTTG CTCATTGGGGTGTGTACGTG
Xgwm251-4B CAACTGGTTGCTACACAAGCA GGGATGTCTGTTCCATCTTAG
Xgwm257-2B AGAGTGCATGGTGGGACG CCAAGACGATGCTGAAGTCA
Xgwm260-7A GCCCCCTTGCACAATC CGCAGCTACAGGAGGCC
Xgwm261-2D CTCCCTGTACGCCTAACGC CTCGCGCTACTAGCATTG
Xgwm272-5D TGCTCTTTGGCGAATATATGG GTTCAAAACAAATTAAAAGGCCC
Xgwm285-3B ATGACCCTTCTGCCAAACAC ATCGACCGCGATCTAGCC
Xgwm312-2A ATCGCATGATGCACGTAGAG ACATGCATGCCTACCTAATGG
Xgwm337-1D CCTCTTCCTCCCTCACTTAGC TGCTAACTGGCCTTTGCC
Xgwm372-2A AATAGAGCCCTGGGACTGGG GAAGGACGACATTCCACCTG
Xgwm400-7A GTGCTGCCACCACTTGC TGTAGGCACTGCTTGGGAG
Xgwm413-1B TGCTTGTCTAGATTGCTTGGG GATCGTCTCGTCCTTGGCA
Xgwm415-5A GATCTCCCATGTCCGCC CGACAGTCGTCACTTGCCTA
Xgwm427-6A AAACTTAGAACTGTAATTTCAGA AGTGTGTTCATTTGACAGTT
Xgwm437-7D GATCAAGACTTTTGTATCTCTC GATGTCCAACAGTTAGCTTA
Xgwm469-6D CAACTCAGTGCACACACAACG CGATAACCACTCATCCACACC
Xgwm480-3A TGCTGCTACTTGTACAGAGGAC CCGAATTGTCCGCCATAG
Xgwm539-2D CTGCTCTAAGATTCATGCAACC GAGGCTTGTGCCCTCTGTAG
Xgwm566-3B TCTGTCTACCCATGGGATTTG CTGGCTTCGAGGTAAGCAAC
Xgwm610-4A CTGCCTTCTCCATGGTTTGT AATGGCCAAAGGTTATGAAGG
Xgwm626-6B GATCTAAAATGTTATTTTCTCTC TGACTATCAGCTAAACGTGT
Xgwm642-1D ACGGCGAGAAGGTGCTC CATGAAAGGCAAGTTCGTCA
Xgwm664-3D CAGTCAGTGCCGTTTAGCAA AGCTTTGCTCTATTGGCGAG

Evaluation of ratio for 1,967 genetic resources to 3 trait of 19 agricultural trait.

Character Character state Frequency Percentage (%)
Seed coat color White 341 17.33
Yellow 56 2.84
Red 1555 79.05
Purple 5 0.25
Black 1 0.05
White&Red 3 0.15
Yellow&Red 6 0.03
Heading date 4/15~4/29 659 33.5
4/30~5/12 1130 57.44
5/13~5/26 178 9.04
Ripening date 5/28~6/5 204 10.38
6/6~6/14 1468 74.63
6/15~6/25 295 14.99

Part of genotype scoring total 1,967 genetic resources.

Primer No.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
High Value 6 5 5 9 9 4 7 4 6 6 4 5 7
Average 1.25 2.26 1.46 2.29 1.49 1.46 2.70 1.15 1.64 2.01 1.11 2.10 1.99
Primer No.
14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26
High Value 4 7 6 7 13 5 3 7 6 5 7 4 5
Average 0.86 2.44 1.99 2.15 2.27 1.21 0.76 1.96 1.60 0.54 1.93 0.92 1.16
Primer No.
27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37
High Value 6 4 4 6 4 3 3 3 6 8 6
Average 1.42 1.18 1.18 1.83 1.12 1.52 1.34 1.24 1.57 1.83 1.56

Calculating Delta K for 10 repeat performance by structure harvester.

K Mean LnP(K) Stdev LnP(K) Ln'(K) |Ln''(K)| Delta K
1 -80793.590000 1.780418 － － －
2 -74567.380000 14.638746 6226.210000 2181.940000 149.052383
3 -70523.110000 28.942451 4044.270000 1743.270000 60.232287
4 -68222.110000 421.193710 2301.000000 640.640000 1.521010
5 -66561.750000 618.831959 1660.360000 262.870000 0.424784
6 -65164.260000 74.034274 1397.490000 383.900000 5.185436
7 -64150.670000 210.582188 1013.590000 3278.760000 15.569978
8 -66415.840000 8169.266024 -2265.170000 5325.450000 0.651888
9 -63355.560000 1775.067841 3060.280000 1450.830000 0.817338
10 -61746.110000 407.291652 1609.450000 － －

Single-marker-analysis by agricultural trait for 614 resources core collection candidate.

Trait Single-marker No. Average of selected LOD
Cold damage (한해) 132 17.3
Plant type (초형) 64 8.8
Upright habit degree of flag leaf (지엽수부) 79 15.1
Seed coat color (종피색) 45 10.2
Seed (종자량) 81 10.7
Seedling stand (입모) 59 11.6
Leaf width (옆폭) 25 6.9
Leaf length (옆장) 66 8.7
Auricle (엽이) 50 9.1
Ear length (수장) 85 10
Ear color (수색) 43 10.9
Awn length (망장) 44 7.9
Awn color (망색) 48 10.9
lodging (도복) 158 18.7
Culm length (간장) 52 16
Culm color (간색) 18 6.9
SDS 36 6.8
Protein 29 7.6
ASH 134 15.4
Heading date (출수기) 97 10.8
Ripening date (성숙기) 105 12.6
Table 1 Genetic resources of origin country in this study.
Table 2 List of used SSR marker primers in this study. Each primers were designed as described in Balfourier et al. (2007).
Table 3 Evaluation of ratio for 1,967 genetic resources to 3 trait of 19 agricultural trait.
Table 4 Part of genotype scoring total 1,967 genetic resources.
Table 5 Calculating Delta K for 10 repeat performance by structure harvester.
Table 6 Single-marker-analysis by agricultural trait for 614 resources core collection candidate.

Table 1

Table 2

Table 3

Table 4

Table 5

Table 6

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