Research on tongil-type rice has aimed to enhance genetic diversity and yield through indica-japonica hybridization; however, poor eating quality remains a limitation in Korea. We evaluated three high-yielding tongil-type waxy cultivars, focusing on the allelic variation in the granule-bound starch synthase I (GBSSI) gene and its effects on quality traits. Physicochemical properties, including texture and retrogradation, were assessed using a texture analyzer, and pasting properties were analyzed using a Rapid Visco Analyzer (RVA). ‘Hanareumchal’ showed the softest texture (1.70 Kgf) and the slowest retrogradation rate. Genetic analysis revealed a unique Wx-g2 allele derived from Japanese waxy rice (‘Odorokimochi’), which likely underlies these favorable traits. RVA profiling further indicated reduced viscosity parameters, supporting its suitability for processed rice products that require extended shelf life and texture stability. These findings highlight the role of Wx-g2 in improving tongil-type waxy rice and provide useful insights for breeding programs targeting enhanced processing performance.
Bakanae disease, caused by various Fusarium species, poses a significant threat to global rice production, with its incidence increasing in major rice-producing regions. Currently, no rice varieties exhibit complete resistance to this disease. Enhancing resistance in rice cultivars could serve as a cost-effective and sustainable alternative to fungicide application. Developing resistant rice varieties may offer a practical solution to mitigate yield losses and reduce dependency on chemical treatments. ‘Jinokchal’ was derived from the cross between ‘Milyang299’, which harbors bakanae disease-resistant QTL qBK1. and ‘Baekokchal’ in 2014. A promising line, YR31624-5B-2, was then selected and designated as ‘Milyang366’ in 2019. The local adaptability test of ‘Milyang366’ was conducted at five locations from 2020 to 2022, and the cultivar was subsequently named ‘Jinokchal. ’ The heading date of ‘Jinokchal’ was August 13, classifying it as a medium-late maturing cultivar. The culm was 77 cm long and had 108 spikelets per panicle. The 1,000 grain-weight of brown rice is 22.7 g, which is heavier than that of ‘Sinseonchalbyeo’. This variety is resistant to blast, rice stripe virus, and bacterial blight, but susceptible to insect pests. The yield potential of ‘Jinokchal’ was approximately 497 kg/10a at the ordinary fertilizer level in the local adaptability test over three years. ‘Jinokchal’ is moderately resistant to bakanae disease and harbors the qBK1 gene derived from the tong-il type rice ‘Shingwang’ (Registration No. 8135).
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