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열대아시아 적응 다수성 자포니카 벼 ‘아세미1호’

원용재1, 정응기1,*, 강경호1, 홍하철2, 조영찬1, 정오영1, 장재기3, 양운호1, 정국현1, 여운상1, 서대하1, 성낙식1, 이점호1, 김보경1

A High-Yielding Japonica Rice ‘Asemi1’ Adaptable to Tropical Asia

Yong-Jae Won1, Eung-Gi Jeong1,*, Kyeong-Ho kang1, Ha-Cheol Hong2, Young-Chan Cho1, O-Young Jung1, Jae-Ki Chang3, Un-Ho Yang1, Kuk-Hyun Jung1, Un-Sang Yeo1, Dae-Ha Seo1, Nak-Sig Sung1, Jeom-Ho Lee1, Bo-Kyeong Kim1
Korean Journal of Breeding Science 2019;51(2):140-145.
Published online: June 1, 2019

농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원

농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원

농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원

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*(E-mail: egjeong@korea.kr, Tel: +82-31-695-4022, Fax: +82-31-695-4029)
• Received: April 23, 2019   • Revised: April 24, 2019   • Accepted: May 17, 2019

Copyright: © 2019 by the Korean Society of Breeding Science

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  • ‘Asemi1’ is a rice variety derived from a cross between ‘IR71667’, which has a Jinmibyeo background with a long basic vegetative phase, and ‘IR77863’, which has a Shinunbongbyeo background with a high yield and early maturity, by the rice breeding team at NICS, RDA, in 2014. The heading date of ‘Asemi1’ is July 29, 14 days earlier than that of the check variety ‘Hwaseong’. It has a culm length of 84 cm and 110 spikelets per panicle. ‘Asemi1’ is resistant to blast disease, but susceptible to other viruses and planthoppers. The milled rice of this variety exhibits translucent, clear non-glutinous endosperm and a short grain shape. The protein content (7.3%) was higher than that of ‘Hwaseong’, and the amylose content (19.6%) was similar to that of ‘Hwaseong’. The milled rice recovery rate of ‘Asemi1’ was similar to that of ‘Hwaseong’. However, the head rice rate of ‘Asemi1’ was lower than that of ‘Hwaseong’. The milled rice yield of ‘Asemi1’ was 5.92 MT/ha, which was higher than that of ‘Hwaseong’ in ordinary cultivation. ‘Asemi1’ was suitable for adaptation to a wide region of tropical Asia (Registration No. 6809).
  • Keywords: Rice; High yield; Tropical Asia; Asemi1
세계에서 소비되는 쌀의 형태는 크게 두가지 종류로 나누어 진다. 우리나라와 일본 및 중국 동북지역에서 주로 재배되고 있는 쌀알이 둥글고 밥을 하면 끈기가 있는 자포니카 쌀이 있고, 아시아 열대지역에서 주로 재배되어 먹고 있는 쌀알이 길고 끈기가 거의 없는 인디카 쌀이 있다. 국제시장에서 자포니카 쌀의 교역량은 증가하는 추세이고 자포니카 쌀이 인디카 쌀에 비해서 높은 가격으로 유통되며 수요증대에 따라 생산량도 지속적으로 증대되고 있다(Lee et al. 2008). 최근 필리핀 국제미작연구소에서 인디카 쌀과 자포니카 쌀을 가지고 밥을 지어서 선호도를 조사한 결과 자포니카 쌀의 선호도가 높은 것으로 보고되기도 하였다(Lee et al. 2015). 결과적으로 동남아지역 쌀시장에서 인티카 쌀을 먹던 소비자들이 자포니카 쌀을 선호하므로 수량이 높고 재배가 안정적이 자포니카 벼 품종에 대한 요구도가 증가할 것으로 판단된다.
또한, 최근 기후변화에 의한 지구 생태계 변동에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있는데, 기후변화는 크게 온도와 강수량의 변동으로 나눌 수 있다. 기후변화의 증거는 지구표면온도 상승과 대기권 온도 상승, 국지적인 강수량의 변동과 가뭄 현상 증가를 예로 들어 설명하고 있다(Yun et al. 2001). 지구온난화에 따른 100년 후 지구의 기온상승은 2.8°C 인데 비하여 한반도는 4.0°C 상승하여 한반도 온난화 현상이 더욱 심할 것으로 예측되고 있다(Lee et al. 2012). 2018년의 경우 우리나라 기상 관측 이후 여름 기온이 가장 높았던 것처럼 출수 후에 벼알이 익어가는 시기의 고온은 쌀 품질저하와 수량성 감소를 초래하므로 이에 대비해야 한다. 결과적으로 기후변화에 적응하려면 온도상승에 의하여 출수기가 빨라지지 않는 기본영양생장성을 갖추고, 고온에서 충실히 익어가는 고온등숙성, 이삭이 많은 수수형에 너무 크지 않은 이삭을 가진 품종이 적합하다고 하였다(Yun & Lee. 2001). 우리나라 기후조건에서 재배하기 적합한 복합내병성 및 내재해성 벼 품종은 중만생종으로 최고품질 품종인 ‘삼광’(Kim et al. 2007)이 재배되고 있고, 중생종으로는 줄무늬잎마름병에 저항성인 ‘화성’(Moon et al. 1986)이 대표적인 품종이나 이들 품종을 동남아지역에서 재배하게 되면 단일조건에 의한 짧은 영양생장기간으로 수량의 감소가 크다. 이를 극복하기 위하여 필리핀에 있는 국제미작연구소에서 국내 육종연구진이 아시아 광지역 적응성인 ‘아세미’를 개발하여 보고하기도 하였으나(Jeong et al. 2019) 쌀의 수량이 높지않다. 따라서 열대 아시아 지역에서 재배하기 적합하고 수확량이 높은 품종으로 국내재배에서도 수량이 안정적인 ‘아세미1호’을 육성하였기에 품종의 육성 경위 및 주요 특성을 보고하고자 한다.
본 시험은 ‘수원576호’를 2014년도에 중부평야지 4개 지역 및 중북부산간지 3개 지역에서 보통기보비재배로 대비품종을 ‘화성’과 ‘오대’로 비교 검토하였다(RDA 2015). 중부평야지에서 4월25일에 파종하여 5월 25일에 재식거리 30 × 15 cm로 주당 3본씩 이앙하였고, 중북부산간지에서는 재식거리를 30 × 12 cm로 주당 5본씩 이앙하였다. N-P2O5-K2O를 각각 성분량으로 9-4.5-5.7 kg/10a을 시비하였다. 질소는 기비 50%, 분얼비 20%와 수비 30% 3회로 나누어 시비하였고, 인산은 전량 기비로, 칼리는 기비 70%, 수비 30%로 나누어 시용하였다. 잎도열병 검정은 12개 지역에서 밭못자리에 파종하여 30일 후 계통들의 이병 정도를 조사하였다. 흰잎마름병은 K1, K2, K3 및 K3a 균계를 최고분얼기에 개체별로 가위절엽접종하여 30일 후에 이병정도를 조사하였다. 바이러스검정은 유묘 본엽 2~3엽기에 보독충 접종을 3~4일간 실시하고, 접종 후 30일에 조사하였다. 재해저항성 검정으로 수발아검정은 출수후 40일에 이삭을 채취해서 조사하고, 내냉성검정은 17 °C 냉수를 장기처리하여 조사하며, 도복저항성은 이앙재배 포장에서 좌절중 및 포장도복 등을 조사하였다. 기타 재배관리와 농업형질, 수량구성요소, 수량성 및 도정특성은 농촌진흥청 신품종개발 공동연구사업 조사기준에 준하여 실시하였다(RDA 2014).
육성 경위
‘아세미1호’는 열대 아시아지역에 재배가 가능한 자포니카 벼를 육성할 목적으로 필리핀 국제미작연구소에서 2004년 건기에 인공교배하였다. 필리핀과 같은 열대아시아지역에서 기본영양생장성을 유지하는 진미벼을 편친으로 하는 IR71667과 조생종이며 수량성이 우수한 신운봉 혈통의 IR77863를 인공교배하여 교배번호 IR81551을 부여한 후, F1세대 20개체를 양성하였다. F2세대부터 F6세대까지 계통을 전개하여 유전적으로 고정되고 작물학적 특성이 우수한 계통을 육성하였다. 선발된 우량계통에 대해 2007년에 생산력검정시험을 실시하였으며, 2008~2009년 필리핀에서 지역적응시험을 실시한 이후 2009년도에 필리핀 벼품종심의위원회에서 장려품종 ‘Japonica1’으로 선정되었다. 국제미작연구소에서 육성된 품종이지만 우리나라 육종연구진에 의해 개발된 품종으로 우리나라의 지식재산권 보호차원에서 2012년에 국내유지 계통 10개체를 수원포장에서 전개하여 순계분리를 실시하고 IR81551-15-1-2-3-1 계통을 선발하여 2013년에 생산력검정을 실시하여 ‘수원576호’로 계통명을 부여하였다. 2014년 지역적응시험을 실시한 결과 대비 품종인 ‘화성’이나 ‘오대’와 비교하여 안정적인 수량성이 인정되어 2014년 12월 농촌진흥청 직무육성 신품종선정위원회에서 신품종으로 선정됨과 동시에 ‘아세미1호’로 명명되었다. ‘아세미1호’의 육성과정과 계보도는 Fig. 1 및 Fig. 2와 같다.
Fig. 1
Pedigree diagram of ‘Asemi1’.
KJBS_51_140_fig_1.jpg
Fig. 2
Genealogical diagram of ‘Asemi1’.
KJBS_51_140_fig_2.jpg
주요특성

1. 주요 농업적 특성

‘아세미1호’의 출수기는 중부평야지 보통기보비재배에서 7월29일 이었으며, 대비품종 ‘화성’의 8월 12일에 비해 14늦었다. 이앙부터 성숙기까지 본답의 생육일수가 113일로 ‘화성’보다 14일 빠른 조생종이다(Table 1). 간장은 84 cm로 화성의 87 cm 보다 3 cm 작고, 이삭길이는 21 cm로 화성의 22 cm보다 짧았으며, 주당 이삭수가14개로 ‘화성’하고 같았다. 수당립수는 110개로 ‘화성’보다 9개 많았고, 등숙비율은 87.4%로 ‘화성’보다 낮았고, 현미 천립중도 22.3 g으로 ‘화성’보다는 조금 가벼운 중립종이다.
Table 1
Major agronomic traits and yield components.
Table 1
Variety Heading date Culm lengthz (cm) Panicle length (cm) No. of panicles/hill No. of spikelet/panicle Ratio of ripened grain (%) 1000-grain weight of brown rice (g)
Asemi1 July.29* 84ns 21ns 14ns 110ns 87.4ns 22.3ns
Hwaseong Aug.12 87 22 14 101 89.3 23.1

zLength from soil surface to panicle neck

*Significant at 5% level

nsNo significance

2. 병해충 저항성

‘아세미1호’는 전국 12개 지역에서 실시한 잎도열병 밭못자리 검정결과 평균 2.8으로 ‘화성’의 6.2보다 강한 반응을 보였고, 목도열병 이병수율도 2개소 평균 0.25%로 대비품종 ‘화성’의 4.2%보다 강하게 나타났다. 친화성 균주 반응에서 33개 균주 중 ‘아세미1호’는 친화성 균주가 8개로 ‘화성’의 18개보다 적었으며 내구저항성은 ‘화성’과 유사하였다(Table 2). 그러나 줄무늬잎마름병, 흰잎마름병, 오갈병 및 벼멸구에 대한 저항성이 없었다(Table 3).
Table 2
Reaction to blast disease.
Table 2
Variety Reaction to blast nursery test (0-9)z Area ratio to leaf lesion of Magnaporthe grisea of sequential plantings (%) Reaction to neck blastx (%)
No. of tested sitesy
R
(0-3)		 M
(4-6)		 S
(7-9)		 Mean 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Persistence (0-7) No. of susceptible race(33) Iksan Icheon
Asemi1 10 1 1 2.8** 30.2 31.8 5.0 8.0 9.5 0.0 0.0 5 8** 0.1* 0.4ns
Hwaseong 1 5 6 6.2 26.0 55.0 48.3 52.7 37.7 45.3 1.2 6 18 6.5 1.9

zN: fertilizer of blast nursery test: 240 kg/ha

yR: Resistant, M: Moderately resistant, S: Susceptible

xN: fertilizer of neck blast test: 220 kg/ha

*,**significant at 5% and 1% level, respectively

nsNo significance

Table 3
Reaction to bacterial blight, virus disease and insect pests.
Table 3
Variety Bacterial blightz Virus diseases Resistance to insects
K1 K2 K3 K3a Stripe (%) Dwarf BSDy BPHX SBPHw
Asemi1 S S S S S (80.0) S S S S
Hwaseong S S S S R (20.0) S S S S

zR: Resistant, S: Susceptible

yBSD: Black streaked dwarf

xBPH: Browon planthopper

wSBPH: Small brown planthopper

3. 생리장해 저항성

‘아세미1호’의 불시출수 현상은 2.2%였으며, 성숙기 하엽노화는 보통이고 위조현상은 없었다. 냉수처리 내냉성 검정 결과 출수지연일수가 14일로 ‘화성’보다 3일 늦었고, 냉수구 임실율은 35%로 중간 정도의 내냉성으로 ‘화성’하고 비슷한 정도를 보였다. 수발아검정에서 53.2%로 ‘화성’의 27.7%보다 높은 반응을 보여 포장에서 성숙기 수발아에 대한 주의가 필요한 품종이다(Table 4)
Table 4
Response to physiological and abiotic stresses.
Table 4
Variety Premature Heading (%) Occurrence of wilting Leaf senescence at maturing Cold tolerancez Viviparous Germinationw
(%)
Discol- Oration (1-9)y Heading Delay (day) Grain Fertility (%) PAx
(1-9)
Asemi1 2.2ns Strong Medium 1 14 35ns 6 53.2*
Hwaseong 0.0 Strong Late 1 11 37 6 27.7

zCold tolerance was evaluated in Chuncheon cold-water (17℃) irrigated nursery

yEvaluation at maximum tillering stage (1: tolerance; 9: susceptible)

xPhenotypic Acceptability (1: tolerance; 9: susceptible)

wGermination rate at 7 days after incubation

*significant at 5% level

nsNo significance

4. 미질 및 도정 특성

‘아세미1호’는 입형특성으로 현미 장폭비가 1.83으로 중단원립이고, 백미 외관은 심복백이 거의 없는 맑고 투명한 외관품질 특성을 보였다. 알칼리붕괴도는 6.7이었고, 아밀로스함량은 19.6%로 ‘화성’과 비슷한 특성을 보였으나 단백질함량은 7.3%으로 ‘화성’보다 높게 조사되었다(Table 5). ‘아세미1호’의 도정특성 중 제현율과 도정율은 ‘화성’보다 조금 났게 조사되었고, 완전미도정수율도 낮은 특성을 보였는데 이는 싸리기률이나 분상질이 많아서 완전미율이 낮은 것으로 판단된다(Table 6).
Table 5
Characteristics related to grain shape and grain quality.
Table 5
Variety Brown rice White core/velly Alkali digestive Value (1~7) Protein Content (%) Amylose Content (%)
Length (mm) Width (mm) L/W ratio
Asemi1 4.99ns 2.73ns 1.83ns 0/1 6.7ns 7.3* 19.6ns
Hwaseong 5.10 2.86 1.78 0/1 6.7 6.5 19.6

*Significant at 5% level

nsNo significance

Table 6
Characteristics related to milling quality.
Table 6
Variety Milling recovery ratio (%) Head rice milling recovery ratio (%)
Brown/rough Milled/brown Milled/rough Head rice
Asemi1 81.9ns 91.1ns 74.6ns 85.1* 63.5*
Hwaseong 83.0 91.6 76.0 96.8 73.6

*Significant at 5% level

nsNo significance

5. 수량성

‘아세미1호’의 백미수량은 2014년 지역적응시험 결과 중부평야지에서 평균 쌀 수량이 5.82 MT/ha로 대비품종 ‘화성’의 5.4 MT/ha 보다 8% 높았고, 중북부산간지에서 쌀 수량은 6.05 MT/ha로 ‘오대벼’ 대비 8% 증수되었다. 결과적으로 지역적응시험 평균 쌀수량이 5.92 MT/으로 대비품종보다 8% 증수되는 수량성을 보였다(Table 7).
Table 7
Yield potential of ‘Asemi1’ on local adaptability test.
Table 7
Region Tested sites Average milled rice yield (MT/ha) Index (A/B)
Asemi1 (A) Hwaseong (B)
Middle plain area Suwon 5.90 5.49ns 107
Yeoju 5.92 5.32* 111
Yeoncheon 5.57 5.20ns 107
Chuncheon 5.88 5.58ns 105
Average 5.82 5.40 108
Middle-mountain plain area Cheolwon 6.37* 5.80z* 110
Jecheon 5.48 4.96z* 110
Sangju 6.30 5.97z,ns 106
Average 6.05 5.58z 108
Average 5.92 5.47 108

zOdaebyeo

*significant at 5% level

nsNosignificance

재배상의 유의점
‘아세미1호’는 질소질 비료 과용 시 미질저하, 등숙저하, 숙색불량 및 병해충 발생이 우려되므로 적정 균형시비가 필요하다. 특히 흰잎마름병, 오갈병 및 멸구류에 저항성이 없으므로 적기 기본방제가 필요하고, 조기낙수시 등숙이 불량하여 불완전미 발생 및 도정수율이 낮아질 수 있다.
‘아세미1호’는 열대 아시아지역 적응 다수성이며 자포니카 품종을 육성할 목적으로 2004년 필리핀에 소재한 국제미작연구소에서 우리나라에서 파견된 육종팀에 의해서 인공교배 하였고, 국제미작연구소 육종포장에서 계통을 육성하며 열대기후에서 생육이 안정적인 IR81551-15-1-2-3계통을 선발하여 2008~2009년간 필리핀에서 지역적응시험을 실시하고 2009년에 필리핀 벼 품종심의위원회에서 ‘Japonica1’로 장려품종에 선정되었다. 우리나라의 지적재산권 보호 차원에서 ‘Japonica1’을 2012년에 우리나라포장에 전개하여 순계분리하고 2013년에 생산력검정을 실시하고 ‘수원576호’로 계통명을 부여하여 2014년에 지역적응시험을 실시한 결과 그 우수성이 인정되어 2014년 12월 농촌진흥청 직무육성 신품종선정위원회에서 신품종으로 선정됨과 동시에 ‘아세미1호’로 명명되었다. ‘아세미1호’는 이앙부터 성숙기까지 본답의 생육일수가 113일로 조생종이고, 벼 키는 84 cm, 이삭길이는 21 cm, 주당 이삭수 14개였으며, 현미 천립중이 22.3 g으로 중소립종이다. ‘아세미1호’는 도열병에 강한 저항성을 보였고, 줄무늬잎마름병, 흰빛잎마름병, 오갈병 및 멸구류에 대한 저항성은 없었다. ‘아세미1호’의 쌀수량은 보통기보비재배에서 5.92 MT/ha으로 대비품종 ‘화성’보다 8% 증수되는 수량성을 보였다.
본 논문은 농촌진흥청 연구사업(세부과제명: 쌀 가공산업 대규모화를 위한 맞춤형 가공용 벼 품종개발, 세부과제번호: PJ01315002)의 지원으로 수행된 결과의 일부입니다. ‘아세미1호’을 육성함에 있어 적극 협력하여주신 국립식량과학원 벼 육종 연구팀, 국제미작연구소 관계관 및 각 도농업기술원 지역적응시험 담당자들과 농촌진흥청 연구정책국 관계관 여러분께 깊이 감사 드립니다.
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A High-Yielding Japonica Rice ‘Asemi1’ Adaptable to Tropical Asia
Korean. J. Breed. Sci.. 2019;51(2):140-145.   Published online June 1, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.9787/KJBS.2019.51.2.140
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A High-Yielding Japonica Rice ‘Asemi1’ Adaptable to Tropical Asia
Korean. J. Breed. Sci.. 2019;51(2):140-145.   Published online June 1, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.9787/KJBS.2019.51.2.140
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A High-Yielding Japonica Rice ‘Asemi1’ Adaptable to Tropical Asia
Image Image
Fig. 1 Pedigree diagram of ‘Asemi1’.
Fig. 2 Genealogical diagram of ‘Asemi1’.

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

A High-Yielding Japonica Rice ‘Asemi1’ Adaptable to Tropical Asia

Major agronomic traits and yield components.

Variety Heading date Culm lengthz (cm) Panicle length (cm) No. of panicles/hill No. of spikelet/panicle Ratio of ripened grain (%) 1000-grain weight of brown rice (g)
Asemi1 July.29* 84ns 21ns 14ns 110ns 87.4ns 22.3ns
Hwaseong Aug.12 87 22 14 101 89.3 23.1

zLength from soil surface to panicle neck

*Significant at 5% level

nsNo significance

Reaction to blast disease.

Variety Reaction to blast nursery test (0-9)z Area ratio to leaf lesion of Magnaporthe grisea of sequential plantings (%) Reaction to neck blastx (%)
No. of tested sitesy
R
(0-3)		 M
(4-6)		 S
(7-9)		 Mean 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Persistence (0-7) No. of susceptible race(33) Iksan Icheon
Asemi1 10 1 1 2.8** 30.2 31.8 5.0 8.0 9.5 0.0 0.0 5 8** 0.1* 0.4ns
Hwaseong 1 5 6 6.2 26.0 55.0 48.3 52.7 37.7 45.3 1.2 6 18 6.5 1.9

zN: fertilizer of blast nursery test: 240 kg/ha

yR: Resistant, M: Moderately resistant, S: Susceptible

xN: fertilizer of neck blast test: 220 kg/ha

*,**significant at 5% and 1% level, respectively

nsNo significance

Reaction to bacterial blight, virus disease and insect pests.

Variety Bacterial blightz Virus diseases Resistance to insects
K1 K2 K3 K3a Stripe (%) Dwarf BSDy BPHX SBPHw
Asemi1 S S S S S (80.0) S S S S
Hwaseong S S S S R (20.0) S S S S

zR: Resistant, S: Susceptible

yBSD: Black streaked dwarf

xBPH: Browon planthopper

wSBPH: Small brown planthopper

Response to physiological and abiotic stresses.

Variety Premature Heading (%) Occurrence of wilting Leaf senescence at maturing Cold tolerancez Viviparous Germinationw
(%)
Discol- Oration (1-9)y Heading Delay (day) Grain Fertility (%) PAx
(1-9)
Asemi1 2.2ns Strong Medium 1 14 35ns 6 53.2*
Hwaseong 0.0 Strong Late 1 11 37 6 27.7

zCold tolerance was evaluated in Chuncheon cold-water (17℃) irrigated nursery

yEvaluation at maximum tillering stage (1: tolerance; 9: susceptible)

xPhenotypic Acceptability (1: tolerance; 9: susceptible)

wGermination rate at 7 days after incubation

*significant at 5% level

nsNo significance

Characteristics related to grain shape and grain quality.

Variety Brown rice White core/velly Alkali digestive Value (1~7) Protein Content (%) Amylose Content (%)
Length (mm) Width (mm) L/W ratio
Asemi1 4.99ns 2.73ns 1.83ns 0/1 6.7ns 7.3* 19.6ns
Hwaseong 5.10 2.86 1.78 0/1 6.7 6.5 19.6

*Significant at 5% level

nsNo significance

Characteristics related to milling quality.

Variety Milling recovery ratio (%) Head rice milling recovery ratio (%)
Brown/rough Milled/brown Milled/rough Head rice
Asemi1 81.9ns 91.1ns 74.6ns 85.1* 63.5*
Hwaseong 83.0 91.6 76.0 96.8 73.6

*Significant at 5% level

nsNo significance

Yield potential of ‘Asemi1’ on local adaptability test.

Region Tested sites Average milled rice yield (MT/ha) Index (A/B)
Asemi1 (A) Hwaseong (B)
Middle plain area Suwon 5.90 5.49ns 107
Yeoju 5.92 5.32* 111
Yeoncheon 5.57 5.20ns 107
Chuncheon 5.88 5.58ns 105
Average 5.82 5.40 108
Middle-mountain plain area Cheolwon 6.37* 5.80z* 110
Jecheon 5.48 4.96z* 110
Sangju 6.30 5.97z,ns 106
Average 6.05 5.58z 108
Average 5.92 5.47 108

zOdaebyeo

*significant at 5% level

nsNosignificance

Table 1 Major agronomic traits and yield components.

Length from soil surface to panicle neck

Significant at 5% level

No significance

Table 2 Reaction to blast disease.

N: fertilizer of blast nursery test: 240 kg/ha

R: Resistant, M: Moderately resistant, S: Susceptible

N: fertilizer of neck blast test: 220 kg/ha

significant at 5% and 1% level, respectively

No significance

Table 3 Reaction to bacterial blight, virus disease and insect pests.

R: Resistant, S: Susceptible

BSD: Black streaked dwarf

BPH: Browon planthopper

SBPH: Small brown planthopper

Table 4 Response to physiological and abiotic stresses.

Cold tolerance was evaluated in Chuncheon cold-water (17℃) irrigated nursery

Evaluation at maximum tillering stage (1: tolerance; 9: susceptible)

Phenotypic Acceptability (1: tolerance; 9: susceptible)

Germination rate at 7 days after incubation

significant at 5% level

No significance

Table 5 Characteristics related to grain shape and grain quality.

Significant at 5% level

No significance

Table 6 Characteristics related to milling quality.

Significant at 5% level

No significance

Table 7 Yield potential of ‘Asemi1’ on local adaptability test.

Odaebyeo

significant at 5% level

Nosignificance

Table 1

Table 2

Table 3

Table 4

Table 5

Table 6

Table 7

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