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중생 복합내병성 고품질 벼 ‘삼광1호’

이정희1, 원용재1, 조영찬1, 이점호, 양창인1, 김명기1, 안억근1, 서정필1, 이상복1, 전용희1, 성열규1, 정응기1,*, 하운구1, 장재기2, 정국현1, 윤미라1, 강경호1, 박향미1, 노재환1, 김보경1

‘Samkwang1’, a Medium Maturing, Multiple Disease Resistant, and High-quality Rice

Jeong-Heui Lee1, Yong-Jae Won1, Young-Chan Cho1, Jeom-Ho Lee, Chang-Ihn Yang1, Myeong-Ki Kim1, Eok-Keun Ahn1, Jung-Pil Suh1, Sang-Bok Lee1, Yong-Hee Jeon1, Yeol-Kyu Sung1, Eung-Gi Jeong1,*, Woon-Goo Ha1, Jae-Ki Chang2, Kuk-Hyun Jung1, Mi-Ra Yoon1, Kyeong-Ho Kang1, Hyang-Mi park1, Jae-Hwan Roh1, Bo-Kyeong Kim1
Korean Journal of Breeding Science 2018;50(4):490-496.
Published online: December 1, 2018

농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원

농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원

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* (E-mail: egjeong@korea.kr, Tel: +82-31-695-4022, Fax: +82-31-695-4029)
• Received: August 13, 2018   • Revised: August 14, 2018   • Accepted: October 22, 2018

Copyright: © 2018 by the Korean Society of Breeding Science

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  • “Samkwang1,” a japonica rice variety, was developed as a cross between “Samkwang” and F1 of Suwon152 (IT008283), which has a medium maturing and lodging resistance and Samkwang (IT284608), a high quality variety with bacterial blight resistance and mid-late maturing property by the rice breeding team at NICS in 2015. The heading date of “Samkwang1” was August 8 in the middle plain area, which was 2 days early than that of “Hwaseong.” “Samkwang1” had a culm length of 77 cm, which was 7 cm shorter than that of “Hwaseong,” and it had 128 spikelets per panicle. The viviparous germination rate of “Samkwang1” was 2.1%. “Samkwang1” showed resistance to blast, bacterial blight (K1, K2, and K3 race) and stripe virus, but was susceptible to the K3a race of bacterial blight, dwarf and black streak dwarf viruses, and plant hoppers. The milled rice of this variety exhibits translucent and medium short grains. The cooked rice grains of “Samkwang1” have an excellent palatability index (0.35) and lower protein content (6.2%) than that of “Hwaseong.” The characteristics related to grain milling were better than those of “Hwaseong,” especially the head rice milling recovery ratio and head rice ratio (94.2%). “Samkwang1” showed 5.62 MT/ha of milled rice productivity at 11 sites under ordinary cultivation conditions (Registration No. 6798).
최근 우리가 먹고 있는 쌀은 단위면적당 생산량 위주의 수량성에서 소비자가 좋아하는 품질위주의 쌀을 생산하는 농업으로 변해가고 있다. 특히, 쌀 소비가 지속적으로 감소하면서 쌀 재고량의 관리비용이 발생하고 쌀 가격 하락을 방지하기 위해 농촌진흥청은 적정 수량성에 밥맛이 좋은 품종을 육성하는데 중점을 두고 있다. 이상기후에 따른 지구 온난화로 생태계 변동에 대한 우려가 높아지고 있는데, 기후변화는 지역에 따라 온도와 강수량의 변동이 나타날 수 있다. 기후변화의 현상으로 지구표면의 온도가 높아지고 대기권 온도가 상승이며, 강수량 변동으로 국지적인 폭우나 극한 가뭄 현상 증가를 예로 들어 설명하고 있다(Yun et al. 2001). 이런 영향으로 우리나라의 2014년 경우 최근 20년 동안에 여름 기온이 가장 높았던 것처럼 벼가 출수되어 벼 알이 익어가는 시기의 고온은 성숙기 전분의 축적에 영향을 미치므로 쌀의 품질이 나빠지고 수량의 감소를 초래하고 있다. 기후변화로 기존에 없었던 돌발 병해충 발생이 빈번해지고 벼의 성숙기에 우리나라에 영향을 주는 태풍이 늘어나는 등 기상재해가 증가하고 있으며 각종 병해충과 재해가 복합적으로 영향을 주고 있다. 따라서 이상기후에 따른 환경변화에 적응하려면 온도상승에 의해 출수기가 빨라지지 않는 기본영양생장성을 갖추고, 고온에서 벼 알이 충실히 영글수 있는 고온등숙성 품종과 성숙기 도복으로 인해 품질이 떨어지지 않는 불량환경에 적응하는 내재해성 품종의 개발이 앞으로 품종개발에 중요한 목표로 대두되고 있다. 중부지역 재배에 적합한 복합내병성 및 내재해성 벼 품종은 중만생종으로 최고품질 품종인 ‘삼광’(Kim et al. 2007)이 재배되고 있고, 중생종으로는 줄무늬잎마름병에 저항성인 ‘화성’(Moon et al. 1986)과 2011년에 육성된 ‘중생골드’(Cho et al. 2013) 품종이 대표적이다. 본 논문에서 육성된 ‘삼광1호’는 쌀의 품질과 수량성은 우수하지만 키가 커서 도복이 우려되는 ‘삼광’품종의 단점을 개선하고자 단간이며 숙기가 빠른 ‘수원152호’와 인공교배하여 얻은 잡종1세대에 ‘삼광’을 여교배하여 기존의 ‘삼광’의 우수한 품질과 수량성에 벼키를 줄이고 출수기를 단축시켜 개량한 ‘삼광1호’를 육성하였다. ‘삼광1호’는 중부지역에서 재배하기 적합한 수확기와 작부체계의 다양성을 위하여 중생종이면서 복합내병성이고 도복에 강한 품종으로 육성 경위 및 주요 특성을 보고하고자 한다.
본 시험은 ‘수원566호’를 2013~2015년 3년간 중부평야지 6개 지역과 남부중산간지 3, 동남부해안지 1, 중서부해안지 1개 등 11개 지역에서 보통기 보비재배로 대비 품종을 ‘화성’으로 비교 검토하였다(RDA 2014a, 2015a, 2016). 중부평야지는 파종은 4월 25일로하고 이앙은 5월 25일에 재식거리 30 × 15 cm로 주당 3본씩 하였으며, 남부중산간지 및 중서부해안지에서는 재식거리를 30 × 12 cm로 주당 5본씩 이앙하였다. 시비량은 N-P2O5-K2O를 각각 성분량으로 9-4.5-5.7 kg/10a을 시용하였다. 질소는 기비로 50%, 추비로 분얼비 20%와 수비 30%로 3회에 걸처 분시하였고, 인산은 전량을 기비로, 칼리는 기비 70%, 수비 30%로 나누어 시용하였다. 벼 잎도열병검정은 14개 지역에서 밭못자리 상태로 파종하여 30일 후 계통들의 이병 정도를 조사하였다. 흰잎마름병은 K1, K2, K3 및 K3a 균계를 포장에서 최고분얼기에 개체별로 가위절엽접종하여 30일 후에 이병정도를 조사하였다. 유묘 바이러스검정은 본엽 2~3엽기에 바이러스 보독충 접종을 3~4일간 실시하고, 접종 후 30일에 조사하였다. 기타 시험포장의 재배관리와 농업형질, 수량구성요소, 수량성 및 도정특성은 농촌진흥청에서 발간한 신품종개발 공동연구사업 조사기준에 준하여 실시하였다(RDA 2013, 2014b, 2015b).
육성 경위
‘삼광1호’는 중부지역에서 재배하기 적합한 고품질 품종을 육성할 목적으로 2005년 하계에 조생이고 단간이며 도복에 강한 ‘수원152호(IT008283)’와 중만생이고 흰잎마름병에 저항성이며 밥맛과 도정특성이 우수한 최고품질 품종 ‘삼광(IT284608)’를 인공교배하여 얻은 잡종1세대에 ‘삼광’을 여교배하여 교배번호 SR30176을 부여한 후, F1 세대 15개체를 양성하였다. F1세대에서 꽃가루배양을 실시하여 HB2946번호를 부여하고 AC1세대에서 117개체을 양성하였다. AC2세대에서 집단으로 세대를 전개하고 AC3세대에 39계통를 선발하였으며, AC4세대를 전개하여 중단간이며 숙색이 우수한 3계통을 선발하였다. AC3세대부터 계통으로 세대를 진전하며 주요 병해충 및 미질검정을 병행하여 유망한 SR30176-HB2946-B-32-1-1계통을 선발하였다. 선발된 우량계통에 대해 2012년에 생산력검정시험을 실시 한 결과 ‘삼광’보다 숙기가 빠른 중생종으로 도열병 및 흰잎마름병에 저항성이고, 도복에 강한 중단간이면서 쌀 외관과 밥맛이 우수하여 ‘수원566호’로 계통명을 부여하였다. 2013년부터 2015년까지 지역적응시험 3년을 실시한 결과 대비 품종인 ‘화성’과 비교하여 내병성, 내도복성 및 밥맛의 매우 우수성이 인정되어 2015년 12월 농촌진흥청 직무육성 신품종선정위원회에서 중생 고품질 품종으로 선정됨과 동시에 ‘삼광1호’로 명명되었다. ‘삼광1호’의 육성과정과 계보도는 Fig. 1 및 Fig. 2와 같다.
Fig. 1
Pedigree diagram of ‘Samkwang1’.
KJBS_50_490_fig_1.jpg
Fig. 2
Genealogical diagram of ‘Samkwang1’.
KJBS_50_490_fig_2.jpg
주요특성

1. 주요 농업적 특성

‘삼광1호’는 중부평야지와 동남부해안지 보통기 재배에서 평균 출수기가 8월 8과 8월 13일로 대비품종 ‘화성’보다 2일 빨랐고, 남부중산간지와 중서부해안지에서는 8월 4일과 8월 6일로 화성과 같았으며, 11개소 평균 8월 7일로 화성보다 1일 빠른 중생종이다(Table 1). 간장은 77 cm로 화성의 84 cm보다 7 cm 적은 준단간이고, 이삭길이는 20 cm이고, 주당 이삭수가 13개로 ‘화성’하고 같으며, 이삭당 벼알수는 128개로 ‘화성’보다 30개 많았다. 등숙비율은 87.4%로 대비품종 ‘화성’ 90.6%보다 낮으며, 현미 천립중도 21.7 g으로 ‘화성’보다 조금 가벼운 중립종이다.
Table 1
Major agronomic traits and yield components.
Table 1
Variety Heading date Culm length (cm) Panicle length (cm) No. of panicles/hill No. of spikelets/panicle Ratio of ripened grain (%) 1000-grain weight of brown rice (g)
Samkwang1 Aug. 8 77* 20ns ns 128* 87.4ns 21.7*
Hwaseong Aug. 10 84 21 13 98 90.6 23.2

*significant at 5%,

nsnot significant

2. 병해충 저항성

‘삼광1호’는 전국 14개 지역에서 실시한 잎도열병 밭못자리 검정 결과 평균 4.5로 ‘화성’의 5.8보다 조금 강한 반응을 보였고, 목도열병 포장검정에서 이병수율은 5.1%로 화성 6.8보다 낮았다. 또한 ‘삼광1호’는 친화성 균주가 40개중 23개로 화성의 30보다 적었으나 내구저항성이 ‘화성’과 비슷한 경향이었다(Table 2). ‘화성’은 흰잎마름병에 이병성이지만 ‘삼광1호’는 K1 (HB1013 균주), K2 (HB1013), K3 (HB1015) 균계에 저항성이고, K3a (HB1009) 균계에는 이병성이었다. ‘삼광1호’는 ‘화성’과 같이 줄무늬잎마름병에는 저항성을 보였으나, 오갈병 및 벼멸구에 대한 저항성은 없었다(Table 3).
Table 2
Reaction to blast disease.
Table 2
Variety Reaction to leaf blast at nursery test (0-9) Area ratio to leaf lesion of Magnaporthe grisea of sequential plantings (%) Reaction to neck blast (%)
No. of tested sites (14)
R z M S Mean 1 2 3 4 5 Persistence (0-5) No. of susceptible race (40) Ichon Iksan
Samkwang1 4 9 1 4.4* 80 55 80 80 40 5 23 0.5 9.7
Hwaseong 2 8 4 5.8 80 75 80 40 40 5 30 0.8 12.7

zR: resistant (0~3); M: moderately resistant (4~6); S: susceptible (7~9) N fertilizer: Blast nursery test = 240 kg/ha, Neck blast = 220 kg/ha

*significant at 5% level

Table 3
Reaction to bacterial blight, virus disease and insect pests.
Table 3
Variety Bacterial blight Virus diseases Resistance to insects
K1 K2 K3 K3a Stripe (%) Dwarf Black- streak dwarf BPH z SBPH
Samkwang1 R y R R S R (23.0) S S S S
Hwaseong S S S S R (23.3) S S S S

zBPH: brown plant hopper; SBPH: small brown plant hopper.

yR: resistance, S: susceptible

3. 생리장해 저항성

‘삼광1호’는 불시출수 현상은 없고, 성숙기 하엽의 노화가 느렸으며 위조현상은 나타나지 않았다(Table 4). 냉수처리 내냉성 검정 결과 출수지연일수가 ‘화성’보다 1일 길었고, 냉수구 임실율은 22.7%으로 화성보다 낮았으나 성숙기 내냉성 정도도 ‘화성’보다 약한 반응을 보였다. 출수후 황숙기 수발아검정에서 2013~2015년 3년 평균 2.1%로 ‘화성’의 21.4%보다 매우 낮은 발아율을 보여 수발아는 매우 강하다고 판단이 된다. ‘삼광1호’는 도복특성검정에서 대비품종인 ‘화성’보다 3절 간장과 좌절중은 비슷했으며, 벼 키는 화성보다 9 cm 작았으나 도복지수는 비슷한 품종이고, 포장 도복은 5정도로 ‘화성’의 3보다는 약한 반응을 보였다(Table 5).
Table 4
Response to physiological and abiotic stresses.
Table 4
Variety Premature heading (%) Occurrence of wilting Leaf senescence at maturing Cold tolerance y Viviparous w germination (%)
Discol-oration (1-9) z Heading delay (day) Grain fertility (%) PA x
Samkwang1 0.0 Strong Late 1 10ns 23* 7 2.1**
Hwaseong 0.0 Strong Late 1 9 53 6 21.4

zEvaluation at maximum tillering stage (1: tolerance; 9: susceptible)

yCold tolerance was evaluated in Chuncheon cold-water (17°C) irrigated nursery

xPhenotypic Acceptability

wGermination rate at 7 days after incubation in 25°C chamber

nsnot significant

*,**Significant at 5% and 1% level, respectively

Table 5
Some characteristics related with lodging.
Table 5
Variety Plant z hight (cm) Third internode length (cm) Top fresh weight (g) Breaking strength (g) Moment (g.cm) Lodging index Lodging in the field (0~9)
Samkwang1 95* 10.8 16.6* 542** 1,617 298 5
Hwaseong 104 10.1 13.5 360 1.423 394 3

zlength from upper part of root up to panicle

*,**Significant at 5% and 1% level, respectively

4. 미질 및 도정 특성

‘삼광1호’의 입형은 현미 장폭비가 1.77로 중단원립이고, 백미 외관은 심복이 0로 매우 맑고 투명 하였다. 알칼리붕괴도는 6.2이었고, 단백질함량도 6.2%으로 낮았고, 아밀로스함량도 18.9%로 ‘화성’보다 낮은 수준이었다. 식미관능검정 결과 밥맛은 0.35로 ‘화성’의 -0.08보다 매우 우수하였다(Table 6). ‘삼광1호’의 도정특성 중 제현율, 현백률 및 도정률은 ‘화성’과 비슷하였으나 도정된 쌀의 완전미율이 94.2%로 ‘화성’의 81.6% 보다 높았으며, 완전미도정수율은 70.5%로 ‘화성’의 61.1%보다 우수한 특성을 보였다(Table 7).
Table 6
Characteristics related to grain shape and grain quality.
Table 6
Variety Brown rice White core/velly Alkali digestive value (1~7) Protein content(%) Amylose content (%) Palatability of cooked rice (-3~3)
Length (mm) Width (mm) L/W ratio
Samkwang1 4.91 2.77 1.77 0/0 6.2ns 6.2ns 18.9ns 0.35
Hwaseong 5.09 2.84 1.80 0/1 6.5 6.6 19.7 -0.08

nsnot significant

Table 7
Characteristics related to milling quality.
Table 7
Variety Milling recovery ratio (%) Head rice milling recovery ratio (%)
Brown/rough Milled/brown Milled/rough Head rice
Samkwang1 82.2ns 91.0ns 74.9ns 94.2* 70.5*
Hwaseong 82.2 90.9 74.8 81.6 61.1

*significant at 5% level

nsnot significant

5. 수량성

‘삼광1호’의 백미수량은 2013~2015년 3년 간 실시한 지역적응시험 결과 중부평야지 및 중서부해안지 등 11개소에서 보통기 보비재배 평균 쌀수량은 5.62 MT/ha로 대비품종 ‘화성’의 5.22 MT/ha 보다 8% 증수된 수량성을 보였다(Table 8).
Table 8
Results of yield potential of ‘Samkwang1’ on local adaptability test.
Table 8
Culture Season Region Tested sites Average milled rice yield (MT/ha) Index (A/B)
Samkwang1 Hwaseong
’13 ’14 ’15 Ave. (A) ’13 ’14 ’15 Ave. (B)
Ordinary planting culture Middle plain Suwon 568 605 567 580 507 549 542 533 109
Hwaseong 543 585 589 572 494 495 571 520 110
Yeoju 519 601 608 576 495 532 538 522 110
Yeoncheon 607 583 568 586 529 520 527 525 112
Chuncheon 587 633 596 605 575 558 597 577 105
Cheongju 541 574 513 543 501 506 587 498 109
Average 561 597 574 577* 517 527 544 529 109
SMP z Boeun 547 565 581 564 497 535 520 517 109
Jinan 501 525 523 516 511 493 506 503 102
Andong 603 501 527 544 598 498 535 544 100
Average 550 530 544 541ns 535 509 520 521 104
ENC y Yeongdeok 589 693 566 616* 527 608 505 547 113
MWC x Namyang 397 575 452 475ns 422 510 431 454 104
Average 546 585 554 562ns 514 528 525 522 108

zSMP: South middle plain area

yMWC: Mid-west coastal area

xENC: East-north coastal area

nsnot significant

*significant at 5% level

재배상의 유의점
‘삼광1호’는 질소질 비료를 과용하면 쌀 품질이 좋지 않고, 등숙저하, 숙색불량 및 병해충의 발생과 도복이 우려되므로 품종특성에 맞는 적정 균형시비가 필요하다. 특히 오갈병, 검은줄오갈병 및 멸구류에 저항성이 없으므로 적기 기본방제가 필요하고, 성숙기 포장에서 조기낙수시 등숙이 불량하여 불완전미 발생 및 도정수율이 낮아질 수 있으며, 내냉성에 중간정도이므로 산간지 및 냉수용출답이나 극만식재배를 피해야 한다.
‘삼광1호’는 중부지역 적응하는 고품질 품종을 육성할 목적으로 2005년 하계에 중생이고 단간이며 도복에 강한 ‘수원152호’와 중만생이고 흰잎마름병에 저항성이며 도정특성이 좋은 최고품질 품종 ‘삼광’를 인공교배한 잡종1세대에 삼광을 여교배하였다. 삼광이 여교배된 F1개체를 양성하며 조기에 유전특성을 고정하고자 꽃가루 배양을 실시하고 육성계통 세대 진전 후 SR30176- HB2946-B-32-1-1계통을 선발하여 수원566호로 계통명을 부여하였다. 2013년부터 2015년까지 지역적응시험 3년을 실시한 결과 그 우수성이 인정되어 2015년 12월 농촌진흥청 직무육성 신품종선정위원회에서 신품종으로 선정됨과 동시에 ‘삼광1호’으로 명명되었다. ‘삼광1호’의 출수기는 보통기 재배에서 평균 출수기가 8월 8일로 ‘화성’보다 2일 빠른 중생종이고, 벼 간장은 77 cm로 ‘화성’보다 7 cm 작은 준단간이며, 이삭길이는 20 cm, 주당 이삭수 13개로 화성과 같은 특성이나, 이삭당 입수는 128개로 ‘화성’보다 많았고. 등숙률은 87.4%로 ‘화성’보다 낮았으며, 현미 천립중이 21.7 g으로 중소립종이다. ‘삼광1호’는 도열병에 강한 저항성을 보였고, 흰잎마름병은 K1, K2, K3 균계에 저항성을 보였지만, 오갈병 및 멸구류에 대한 저항성은 없었다. ‘삼광1호’는 도복에는 중정도이며, 수발아는 화성보다 강한 반응을 보였고, 내냉성은 ‘화성’과 비슷한 수준을 보였다. ‘삼광1호’의 백미외관은 심백이 0으로 아주 맑고 투명하였다. 알칼리붕괴도는 6.2, 단백질함량은 6.2%, 아밀로스함량은 18.9%로 ‘화성’보다 낮아서 미질특성이 우수하였고, 관능검정 결과 밥맛은 0.35로 ‘화성’보다 매우 우수한 품종이었다. 제현율, 현백률 및 도정률은 ‘화성’과 비슷하였으나 도정된 쌀의 완전립률이 94.2%로 ‘화성’의 81.6%보다 높은 편이었고 완전미도정수율도 70.5%로 ‘화성’보다 우수하였다. ‘삼광1호’의 쌀수량은 중부평야지와 중서부해안지 등 11개 지역에서 보통기 보비재배 평균 5.62 MT/ha로 ‘화성’의 5.22 MT/ha 보다 8% 높았다. 최고품질 품종 ‘삼광1호’의 적응지역은 중부 평야지와 중서부해안지이다.
본 논문은 농촌진흥청 연구사업(세부과제명: 쌀 가공 산업 대규모화를 위한 맞춤형 가공용 벼 품종개발, 세부과제번호: PJ013150012018)의 지원으로 수행된 결과의 일부입니다. ‘삼광1호’을 육성함에 있어 적극 협력하여주신 국립식량과학원 벼 육종 연구팀 및 각 도농업기술원 지역적응시험 담당자들과 농촌진흥청 연구정책국 관계관 여러분께 깊이 감사 드립니다.
  • 1. Cho YC, Kim MK, Kim YG, Choi IS, Yang CI, Oh MG, Lee JH, Kim JJ, Suh JP, Won YJ, Hwang KH, Oh SK, Lee JH, Chang JK, Roh JH, Lee CK, Ahn EK, Jeong EG. 2013. A medium maturing, high quality, multiple resistant and middle plain area adaptable rice 'Jungsaenggold'. Korean J Breed Sci 45: 457-462.
  • 2. Kim YG, Hong HC, Hwang HG, Choi IS, Cho YC, Baek MK, Choi YH, Kang KH, Shin YS, Lee JH, Kim HY, Yea JD, Ryu HY, Jeong EK, Yang CI, Jung KH, Jeong OY, Jeon YH. 2007. A mid-late maturing, multi-disease resistant and good-quality rice variety 'Samkwangbyeo'. Korean J Breed Sci 39: 582-583.
  • 3. Moon HP, Cho SY, Son YH, Jun BT, Lim MS, Choi HC, Park NK, Park RK, Chung GS. 1986. An anther-derived new high quality and high yield rice variety 'Hwaseongbyeo'. Res Rept RDA (Crops) 28: 27-33.
  • 4. Rural Development Administration (RDA)2013. 2013 Project plan for collaborative research program to develop new variety of summer crop 5-48.
  • 5. Rural Development Administration (RDA)2014a. 2013 Report of new cultibars development and research in summer crop 5-215.
  • 6. Rural Development Administration (RDA)2014b. 2014 Project plan for collaborative research program to develop new variety of summer crop 5-50.
  • 7. Rural Development Administration (RDA)2015a. 2014 Report of new cultibars development and research in summer crop 5-171.
  • 8. Rural Development Administration (RDA)2015b. 2015 Project plan for collaborative research program to develop new variety of summer crop 3-49.
  • 9. Rural Development Administration (RDA)2016. 2015 Report of new cultibars development and research in summer crop 3-162.
  • 10. Yun SH, Im JN, Lee JT, Shim KM, Hwang KH. 2001. Climate change and coping with vulnerability of agricultural productivity. Korean J Agric For Meteorol 3: 220-237.

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‘Samkwang1’, a Medium Maturing, Multiple Disease Resistant, and High-quality Rice
Korean. J. Breed. Sci.. 2018;50(4):490-496.   Published online December 1, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.9787/KJBS.2018.50.4.490
Download Citation

Download a citation file in RIS format that can be imported by all major citation management software, including EndNote, ProCite, RefWorks, and Reference Manager.
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Include:
‘Samkwang1’, a Medium Maturing, Multiple Disease Resistant, and High-quality Rice
Korean. J. Breed. Sci.. 2018;50(4):490-496.   Published online December 1, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.9787/KJBS.2018.50.4.490
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‘Samkwang1’, a Medium Maturing, Multiple Disease Resistant, and High-quality Rice
Image Image
Fig. 1 Pedigree diagram of ‘Samkwang1’.
Fig. 2 Genealogical diagram of ‘Samkwang1’.

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

‘Samkwang1’, a Medium Maturing, Multiple Disease Resistant, and High-quality Rice

Major agronomic traits and yield components.

Variety Heading date Culm length (cm) Panicle length (cm) No. of panicles/hill No. of spikelets/panicle Ratio of ripened grain (%) 1000-grain weight of brown rice (g)
Samkwang1 Aug. 8 77* 20ns ns 128* 87.4ns 21.7*
Hwaseong Aug. 10 84 21 13 98 90.6 23.2

*significant at 5%,

nsnot significant

Reaction to blast disease.

Variety Reaction to leaf blast at nursery test (0-9) Area ratio to leaf lesion of Magnaporthe grisea of sequential plantings (%) Reaction to neck blast (%)
No. of tested sites (14)
R z M S Mean 1 2 3 4 5 Persistence (0-5) No. of susceptible race (40) Ichon Iksan
Samkwang1 4 9 1 4.4* 80 55 80 80 40 5 23 0.5 9.7
Hwaseong 2 8 4 5.8 80 75 80 40 40 5 30 0.8 12.7

zR: resistant (0~3); M: moderately resistant (4~6); S: susceptible (7~9) N fertilizer: Blast nursery test = 240 kg/ha, Neck blast = 220 kg/ha

*significant at 5% level

Reaction to bacterial blight, virus disease and insect pests.

Variety Bacterial blight Virus diseases Resistance to insects
K1 K2 K3 K3a Stripe (%) Dwarf Black- streak dwarf BPH z SBPH
Samkwang1 R y R R S R (23.0) S S S S
Hwaseong S S S S R (23.3) S S S S

zBPH: brown plant hopper; SBPH: small brown plant hopper.

yR: resistance, S: susceptible

Response to physiological and abiotic stresses.

Variety Premature heading (%) Occurrence of wilting Leaf senescence at maturing Cold tolerance y Viviparous w germination (%)
Discol-oration (1-9) z Heading delay (day) Grain fertility (%) PA x
Samkwang1 0.0 Strong Late 1 10ns 23* 7 2.1**
Hwaseong 0.0 Strong Late 1 9 53 6 21.4

zEvaluation at maximum tillering stage (1: tolerance; 9: susceptible)

yCold tolerance was evaluated in Chuncheon cold-water (17°C) irrigated nursery

xPhenotypic Acceptability

wGermination rate at 7 days after incubation in 25°C chamber

nsnot significant

*,**Significant at 5% and 1% level, respectively

Some characteristics related with lodging.

Variety Plant z hight (cm) Third internode length (cm) Top fresh weight (g) Breaking strength (g) Moment (g.cm) Lodging index Lodging in the field (0~9)
Samkwang1 95* 10.8 16.6* 542** 1,617 298 5
Hwaseong 104 10.1 13.5 360 1.423 394 3

zlength from upper part of root up to panicle

*,**Significant at 5% and 1% level, respectively

Characteristics related to grain shape and grain quality.

Variety Brown rice White core/velly Alkali digestive value (1~7) Protein content(%) Amylose content (%) Palatability of cooked rice (-3~3)
Length (mm) Width (mm) L/W ratio
Samkwang1 4.91 2.77 1.77 0/0 6.2ns 6.2ns 18.9ns 0.35
Hwaseong 5.09 2.84 1.80 0/1 6.5 6.6 19.7 -0.08

nsnot significant

Characteristics related to milling quality.

Variety Milling recovery ratio (%) Head rice milling recovery ratio (%)
Brown/rough Milled/brown Milled/rough Head rice
Samkwang1 82.2ns 91.0ns 74.9ns 94.2* 70.5*
Hwaseong 82.2 90.9 74.8 81.6 61.1

*significant at 5% level

nsnot significant

Results of yield potential of ‘Samkwang1’ on local adaptability test.

Culture Season Region Tested sites Average milled rice yield (MT/ha) Index (A/B)
Samkwang1 Hwaseong
’13 ’14 ’15 Ave. (A) ’13 ’14 ’15 Ave. (B)
Ordinary planting culture Middle plain Suwon 568 605 567 580 507 549 542 533 109
Hwaseong 543 585 589 572 494 495 571 520 110
Yeoju 519 601 608 576 495 532 538 522 110
Yeoncheon 607 583 568 586 529 520 527 525 112
Chuncheon 587 633 596 605 575 558 597 577 105
Cheongju 541 574 513 543 501 506 587 498 109
Average 561 597 574 577* 517 527 544 529 109
SMP z Boeun 547 565 581 564 497 535 520 517 109
Jinan 501 525 523 516 511 493 506 503 102
Andong 603 501 527 544 598 498 535 544 100
Average 550 530 544 541ns 535 509 520 521 104
ENC y Yeongdeok 589 693 566 616* 527 608 505 547 113
MWC x Namyang 397 575 452 475ns 422 510 431 454 104
Average 546 585 554 562ns 514 528 525 522 108

zSMP: South middle plain area

yMWC: Mid-west coastal area

xENC: East-north coastal area

nsnot significant

*significant at 5% level

Table 1 Major agronomic traits and yield components.

significant at 5%,

nsnot significant

Table 2 Reaction to blast disease.

R: resistant (0~3); M: moderately resistant (4~6); S: susceptible (7~9) N fertilizer: Blast nursery test = 240 kg/ha, Neck blast = 220 kg/ha

significant at 5% level

Table 3 Reaction to bacterial blight, virus disease and insect pests.

BPH: brown plant hopper; SBPH: small brown plant hopper.

R: resistance, S: susceptible

Table 4 Response to physiological and abiotic stresses.

Evaluation at maximum tillering stage (1: tolerance; 9: susceptible)

Cold tolerance was evaluated in Chuncheon cold-water (17°C) irrigated nursery

Phenotypic Acceptability

Germination rate at 7 days after incubation in 25°C chamber

nsnot significant

Significant at 5% and 1% level, respectively

Table 5 Some characteristics related with lodging.

length from upper part of root up to panicle

Significant at 5% and 1% level, respectively

Table 6 Characteristics related to grain shape and grain quality.

nsnot significant

Table 7 Characteristics related to milling quality.

significant at 5% level

nsnot significant

Table 8 Results of yield potential of ‘Samkwang1’ on local adaptability test.

SMP: South middle plain area

MWC: Mid-west coastal area

ENC: East-north coastal area

nsnot significant

significant at 5% level

Table 1

Table 2

Table 3

Table 4

Table 5

Table 6

Table 7

Table 8

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