A winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar, ‘Taejoong’, was developed by the National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration in 2016. It was derived from a cross between ‘Xian83(104).11’ and ‘Keumkang’ in 2005. It was generated through the bulk and pedigree methods for six years, and then designated as ‘Iksan370’ after a two-year advanced yield trial test. This variety was designated the name ‘Taejoong’ after a regional yield trial test in eight locations throughout Korea for three years from 2014 to 2016. Its heading date was April 27 in upland and paddy filed conditions, and its maturity date was June 7 in uplands and June 4 in paddy fields, which were late compared to that of ‘Keumkang’. ‘Taejoong’ had 417 spikes per m², which was 300 less than that of ‘Keumkang’. However, the spike length was 13.4 cm and the number of kernel per one spike was 48, which was 5.8 cm longer and 19 higher than those of ‘Keumkang’, respectively. ‘Taejoong’ showed strong resistance to lodging and moderate resistance to Fusarium head blight, but was susceptible to powdery mildew. ‘Taejoong’ flour yield (71.8%) and flour lightness (91.90) were similar to those of ‘Keumkang’, but its protein content (11.1%), gluten content (8.8%), and sodium dodecyl sulfate-sedimentation volume (34.2 ml) were lower. These result showed that the flour dough strength of ‘Taejoong’ was weaker than that of ‘Keumkang’. The high-molecular-weight gluten subunit compositions of ‘Taejoong’ were Glu-A1 (N), Glu-B1 (7+9), and Glu-D1 (2+12). The granule-bound starch synthase compositions were Wx-A1, Wx-B1, and Wx-D1. The puroindoline compositions were Pina-D1 (a type) and Pinb-D1 (b type). The average grain yield of ‘Taejoong’ in a regional yield trial was 5.3 ton/ha in uplands and 4.6 ton/ha in paddy fields, which were 21% and 13% higher than that of the reference cultivar, ‘Keumkang’, respectively. (Registration No. 7378).

Improvement of winter hardiness, lodging resistance and good quality have been recently received more attention by covered barley(Hordeum vulgare L.) breeders than ever in Korea. ‘Hyeyang’, a new covered barley cultivar with early maturing and high yield was developed by the National Institute of Crop Science, RDA in 2010. It was derived from the cross between‘Milyang87’and‘Wolsung8120’with good quality. The initial cross was done in 1999 and the selected line, ‘Iksan432’ (YB4494-B-B-21-2), showed high yield and good quality characteristics under yield trial test from 2008 to 2010. The following is the characteristics of‘Hyeyang’that is characterized as the vernalization of I, green leaf, compact spike and long rough awns. The heading date of‘Hyeyang’were similar to‘Olbori’. The culm length was 82 cm which was 6 cm shorter than‘Olbori’. It showed the spike length of 4.3 cm, 798 spikes / m², 56 grains / spike and 26.7 g for 1,000 grains weight. It showed similar winter hardiness and stronger resistance to barley yellow mosaic virus (BaYMV) compare to‘Olbori’. It showed higher diastatic power 235DP than that of check cultivar, ‘Olbori’. Average yield of ‘Hyeyang’ was 4.44 MT/ha in the regional yield trials carried out in four location at double cropping system in Korea from 2008 to 2010, which was 8 percent higher than ‘Olbori’. ‘Hyeyang’would be suitable for the area above –8°C of daily minimum temperature in January in Korean peninsula.

‘Goso’, a winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar was developed by the National Institute of Crop Science, RDA for end-use diversity. It was derived from the cross ‘Gobun/Ol” during 1998. ‘Goso’ was released from the line named as ‘Iksan325’ in 2010 after yield trials test in conducted for three years from 2008. ‘Goso’ is an awned, semi-dwarf, red grain and soft winter wheat. The heading and maturity date of ‘Goso’ were similar to ‘Keumkang’. ‘Goso’ had similar test weight (799 g/L) and lower 1,000-grain weight (42.5 g) than ‘Keumkang’ (804 g/L and 46.7 g, respectively). ‘Goso’ showed resistance to winter hardiness and pre-harvest sprouting, which withering rate on the low ridge (4.4%) and lower rate of pre-harvest sprouting (4.0%) than ‘Keumkang’ (1.6% and 29.8%, respectively). ‘Goso’ showed lower flour yield (63.7%), protein content (9.8%), SDS-sedimentation volume (30.0 ml) and gluten content (7.2%) than ‘Keumkang’ (73.6%, 12.6%, 50.0 ㎖ and 10.8%, respectively). It showed larger diameter (88 mm) and top-grade (5) of cookie than ‘Keumkang’ (79 mm and 2, respectively). HMW-GS compositions of ‘Goso’ were 2* in Glu-A1, 7+8 in Glu-B1 and 2.2+12 in Glu-D1, respectively. GBSS composition of ‘Goso’ was same with ‘Keumkang’ and expressed wild type. Pinb-D1 was wild type that was different in ‘Keumkang’. Average yield of ‘Goso’ in the regional adaptation yield trial test was 657 kg/10a in upland and 561 kg/10a in paddy field, which was 21% and 7% higher than those of ‘Keumkang’ (545 kg/10a and 524 kg/10a, respectively).

A novel auricleless bariey (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivar ‘Jomi’ was developed which shows high biomass yield, good quality and high ruminant-palatability at National Institute of Crop Science, RDA in 2010. This cultivar was derived from a cross of the ‘Suwon337’ and ‘Suwon355’ in 1999 and a promising line showing both high yield and lodging resistance through the preliminary and advanced yield trials at Iksan in 2006-2007, was designated as the ‘Iksan 438’. ‘Iksan438’ was conducted to regional yield trials (RYT) in seven locations around Korea for three years from 2008 to 2010, and was released as the name of ‘Jomi’. It has erect plant type, growth habit of Ⅰand green and auricleless leaf . Its heading date was April 23 and maturing date was May 25 in paddy field, 3 days and 1 day earlier than ‘Youngyang’, respectively. The cultivar showed 90cm of culm length, 846 spikes per m2, high rate of leaf blades, resistance to BaYMV and better winter hardiness than that of ‘Youngyang’, The average forage yield of ‘Jomi’ was about 10.3 ton ha^-1 in dry matter (28 ton ha^-1 in fresh matter) in paddy field with 8.3% of crude protein content, 26.2% of ADF (Acid Detergent Fiber), 48.3% of NDF (Neutral Detergent Fiber), 68.2% of TDN (Total Digestible Nutrients) and grade Ⅱ of silage quality. This cultivar would be suitable for the area above the daily minimum temperature of -8°Cin January in Korean peninsula.