Floral pattern plays a vital role in flower structure. The most basic factors that make up the floral pattern are spots and lines in
This study was investigated to develop mass evaluation system for the contents of crude protein, oil and fatty acid in soybean germplasm using NIRS. NIRS equations were created with 345 soybeans, multiple correlation coefficients of crude protein, oil, palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic and linolenic acid between data obtained from NIRS and quantitative analysis were 0.983, 0.969, 0.592, 0.514, 0.978, 0.961 and 0.957, respectively. Equation statistics indicated that contents of crude protein, oil and unsaturated fatty acid except palmitic and stearic acid in soybean seed were suitable for determination by NIRS. Those NIRS equations were applied to examine crude protein, oil and unsaturated fatty acid of 854 soybean landraces from Korea. The average contents and ranges of crude protein and oil were 39.2% with a range of 33.7-47.0% and 15.0% with a range of 9.8-20.3%, individually. In addition, those of oleic, linoleic and linolenic acid were 21.4% with a range of 12.1-30.2%, 55.6% with a 47.8-62.3% and 8.1% with a range of 5.9-10.7% respectively. We conducted quantitative analysis to reconfirm with IT154552 (45.1%) and IT023955(46.9%) above 45% of crude protein, the results were similar from NIRS (45.2%, 47.0%). NIRS data for protein from this study made no difference with lab data, which would be useful for mass evaluation. There was negative correlation (-0.203) between crude protein and oil, positive correlation (0.379) between crude oil and oleic acid, and significantly negative correlation (-0.879) between oleic and linoleic acid.
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Blast resistance of 29 rice cultivars confirmed as a durable resistance in the evaluation of sequential planting from 2004 to 2006 was evaluated to nursery screening in 14 test sites during 11 years in Korea. The average disease severity (ADS) of 29 rice varieties against rice blast showed 3.5 degree; however, the difference of disease severity among the varieties was from 1.9 to 4.8. The 29 varieties were grouped into resistance less than 3.0 ADS degree including 12 varieties and moderate resistance over 3.1 ADS degree including 17 varieties. Among the 12 rice cultivars presented low ADS, 4 rice cultivars, Ungwang, Pungmi 1, Sinunbong 1, and Dasan 1 were constantly appeared high resistant reaction during 11 years in all test sites and the others were showed various diseases severity across the test years and the test sites. Twenty-one rice cultivars including Gopum were more variable among the test sites while the others were higher variable among the test years. These results indicated that durable resistance test against rice blast using sequential planting is a very efficient screening method to predict durability and nursery test for long periods and also useful method to predict indirectly durable resistance of rice cultivars.
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Antigen production in plant is a safe and effective strategy for vaccine development. In this study, rice transformants were developed for oral vaccine against pigs diarrhea disease. DNA cassette composed with the cholera toxin subunit B (CTB) connected to the 987P-fasG, for stimulating a strong oral immune response, was introduced to rice through
Near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) has been used as a rapid analysis tool to many components in cereal grains. This study was to investigate the potential NIRS application for determination of components in Korean wheat. Main components of wheat quality are protein content, moisture content, SDS-sedimentation volume and ash content. Wheat has screened for quality, hardness of seed by NIRS in CIMMYT (International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center). NIRS calibration was used as a rapid and simultaneous analysis method to determine the wheat quality components. A total of 282 wheat samples, collected from a wide range of Korean wheat cultivation region for 2 years, were analyzed by NIRS. NIRS calibration of individual components were developed using first derivation, second derivation and modified partial least-squares regression and internal cross validation method. As a result, calibration formula of protein was y=0.937x+0.786, calibration formula of moisture was y=0.922x+0.911, calibration formula of ash was y=0.933x+0.08, calibration formula of SDS-sedimentation volume was y=0.947x+2.150. NIRS calibration for wheat quality may be useful for determining protein(R2 = 93.6), moisture(R2 = 91.6), SDS-sedimentation volume(R2 = 94.3), and ash(R2 = 93.4). This study shows that 4 calibrations of NIRS is a useful application in the accurate and rapid determination of wheat quality. Therefore, NIRS could be used to rapidly determine the quality contents of wheat for grade evaluation in a purchasing of wheat cultivation region.
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As a first step of mapping genes conferring resistance to the brown planthopper,
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Objective of this study was to investigate the difference of cadmium (Cd) levels in rice grains from non-polluted fields and to define the gene associated with Cd uptake for producing safety food. Cd was analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer (ICP-MS). The average concentration of Cd in rice grains was 0.943
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A new peanut variety ‘Danwon’(
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A new mandarin hybrid cultivar ‘Shinyegam’ was developed from a cross between ‘Kiyomi’ (
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Geonpungmi is a new sweetpotato variety developed by Bioenergy Crop Research lnstitute in the National Institute of Crop Science (NICS) at RDA for table use in 2008. This variety was selected from the cross between Mokpo34 and Southern Queen. Two parents, Mokpo34 and Southern Queen, were crossed in 2002. Selection of elite line was performed for 2 years from 2003 to 2004. Preliminary and advanced yield trials were carried out from 2004 to 2005. The regional yield trials were conducted at six locations from 2006 to 2008. Geonpungmi has cordate leaf, greenish purple vine and petiole, elliptic storage root, dark purple skin and yellow flesh color of storage root. This variety is resistant to fusarium wilt and nematode. The starch value and total sugar content were 25.8% and 5.82%, respectively. Pasting temperature of starch in Geonpungmi was 74.7°C, and the retrogradation process is earlier than Yulmi. The average yield of storage root is 19.8 ton/ha in the regional yield trials, which is 3% lower than that of Yulmi. The number of marketable storage roots per plant was 2.6 and the average weight of one storage root was 154 g.
A new
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To develop a dwarf turfgrass (
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Barley breeding program of RDA (Rural Development Administration) has been develop to new hulled barley variety that has been used for malt and beer material. Through this program, we developed new two-rowed covered barley, Imaeg, with disease resistant, lodging tolerant and good malt quality for beer and Korean traditional drink ‘Sikhye’ in 2013. Imaeg showed resistant to
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This study was carried out to create new waxy corn variety using anthocyanins germplasm including 13 ornamental maize stocks, purple corn and two parental lines of Mibaek2. First, we made anthocyanin husk population for sustainable breeding from 13 ornamental stocks for 6 years from 2001 and then crossed purple corn with a dark purple kernel in 2007. We crossed this hybrid with two parental lines of Mibaek2, a good edible quality waxy corn, in 2007/2008 dry season nursery for additional breeding in Thailand. The anthocyanin-rich waxy lines derived from these hybrids were self-fertilized seven times and made single cross hybrids until 2011. These hybrids were evaluated on 2 or 3 places in Gangwon-do for next two years. One selected elite hybrid was named Cheongchunchal and applied for registration of new waxy corn variety in March 2014. Total anthocyanins content is zero in Mibaek2, 737 in Miheugchal, 18,809 mg/kg in Cheongchunchal. This variety is meaningful as health food and high-value industrial material.
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A black rice variety ‘Pareunsuperjami’ developed from a conventional breeding method is an early maturing variety, of which heading time is 113 days after sowing, about the 30th of July. Its culm length and 1000 grain weights are 64.6 cm and 18.6 g, respectively, with the heavier grain weight than that of Heugjinju. ‘Pareunsuperjami’ has the higher content of cyaniding 3-glucoside (C3G) and strong antioxidant activity, compared to other color rice varieties. The highest content of total polyphenol extracted by a 70% of ethanol was found in the grain of Pareunsuperjami rice among other varieties, such as Daeripjami, Heugjinju, Daeripbyeo. The flavonoid and C3G contents were in the order of Pareunsuperjami > Daeripjami > Heugjinju > Daeripbyeo with a 5-fold higher C3G in Pareunsuperjami (1,038 mg/100g) than that of Heugjinju (204 mg/100g). The highest radical scavenging activity of 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid, ABTS) was observed in the grain of Pareunsuperjami rice, about 383. The highest ascorbic acid equivalent antioxidant capacity (AEAC) was also observed in the grain of Pareunsuperjami (383), followed by Daeripjami (356) and Heugjinju (275). The highest DPPH radical scavenging activity in vitro was also found in the grain of Pareunsuperjami. The higher hydroxyl radical scavenging activity was also found in the grain of Pareunsuperjami than that of Daeripbyeo with no significant difference than other color rice varieties. These results suggest that there is a close relation between high content of C3G and strong antioxidant activity, and thus the Pareunsuperjami is a good source of natural antioxidants as a functional staple food.
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