This study was conducted to breed interspecific hybrids by crossing between Asiatic hybrids for the purpose of cut flower or pot plant. According to results of reciprocal crossing between L. davidii and ‘Conception’, flower color of F1 appears nearer to that of each male parent but they seemed to be influenced by L. davidii which has side-facing flower position. The characteristic traits of F1 hybrids obtained from the cross between ‘Tresor’ and ‘Black Out’ is related to female parent ‘Tresor’. Whereas in a cross between ‘Navidad’ and ‘Hironde’, a progeny 122611-4 has the petal spot characteristic similar to the female Asiatic hybrid ‘Navidad’ and male parent ‘Gironde’ influence on the petal color. F1 hybrid cross ‘Gironde × Red Sensation’ showed parental flower color expression contribution. In addition ‘Gironde’ as parent contributed extensively in imparting flower color in the resulting hybrids. In the above statements, F1 progenies were more than 40cm in height and the plant height of their parents was over 70cm. Therefore, it is considered that their F1 progenies are not short if parents have a long plant height. In ‘Kotnali × Tiny Bee’ progenies, 112061-1 progeny expressed orange flower color similar to female while 112061-2 showed yellow flower color same as male. Plant height was 27.7cm and 22.4cm close to 35.0cm of male parent ‘Tiny Bee’. F1 hybrid of ‘Matrix × Holebibi’ expressed three flower color all of parents. It was dwarf and distinguishable as compared to parental phenotype. Therefore, it is concluded that for potted lily flower development carrying dwarf plant height and intermediate morphological traits Asiatic hybrids plays an important role such as ‘Tiny Bee’ and ‘Matrix’.

An interspecific cross between P. citriodora and P. hirtella constitutes ideal material for a linkage map construction in genome project of Perilla. The chromosomes of the species are same with n=10 and progenies of the cross are normal in growth and seed set. The phenotype of F2 population of the cross are normally distributed and this is a proof of high affinity of the chromosomes during their sexual reproduction. Rosmarinic acid, Luteolin and Apigenin contents of F2 plants were distributed in similar range with tetraploid perilla cultivars. Luteolin and Apigenin are positively correlated with correlation coefficient of 0.762. 21 QTLs were detected in agronomic traits and Rosmarinic acid, Luteolin and Apigenin contents. Even though Luteolin and Apigenin are positively correlated, QTLs were located in different position. Purple leaf color related QTL was mapped in Chromosome 3 with LOD of 14.3, PVE of 50.4%. Three anthocyanin biosynthesis transcription factor like sequences, WD40 repeat-like superfamily protein, myb domain protein 43 and basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) DNA-binding superfamily protein, were detected near from the QTL.

To identify and apply tissue-specific promoters is one of the major challenges in plants genetic engineering for optimizing efficient expression of interest genes in appropriate tissues. In this research, open-source database information of Arabidopsis thaliana was adapted to determine root-specific expressed promoter region. A total seven sequences that might function as a root-specific promoter element were initially isolated from Arabidopsis genomic DNA. Then seven promoters were cloned into pBGWFS7 in which β-glucuronidase (gus) and green fluorescent protein (gfp) genes were linked. The GUS activities were measured in different tissues of transgenic Arabidopsis by both histochemical GUS staining and fluorescent 4 methylumbelliferyl β-D-glucuronide (MUG) assay. To confirm root-specific expression, GFP-confocal microscope analysis was conducted in Arabidopsis transgenic plant. As a result, the five promoters showed strong GUS activity in the root tissue as compared with the CaMV35S promoter. To test crop application availability as a root-specific promoter, seven promoters were introduced into tomato plants and confirmed transient expression using Agrobacterium rhizogenesis ARqua1 root-nodule inducible strain. Two promoters showed that gus genes were specifically expressed in roots of transgenic tomato plant. Taken together, the novel seven promoters showed specific activity in root suggesting that it is applicable in crop improvement.

This study was carried out to select waxy corn inbreds with good general combining ability through a diallel analysis of 10 half diallel crosses among five inbreds developed from Korean maize landraces. Total of 21 agronomic and palatability traits were investigated over two locations in 2016. There was a significant hybrid by location interaction found in plant height, ear height, number of tillers/plant, per ear weight, ear tip filling, ear commercial value and sweetness when four additional check cultivars were included in the analyses. A significant general combining ability by location interaction was found in ear height, number of tillers/plant, per ear weight, ear length and sweetness while ear width, ear commercial value and sweetness were significant for specific combining ability by location interaction. Sweetness was found significant for both interactions. The first and fourth inbred lines had the most number of traits with good estimate of general combining ability. The first inbred is expected to improve days to tasseling, anthesis silking interval, ear width, ear circumference and sweetness while decreasing husk cover in a hybrid combination. The fourth inbred line would improve days to tasseling, days to silking, plant height, ear height, per ear weight and ear length but ears would be a bit tougher than the average. A total of 19 traits had higher variance of general combining ability than that of specific combining ability. Husk cover was 12.1 times higher. Plant height and number of tillers/plant had higher variance of specific combining ability.

This study was conducted to obtain general information for rice breeding materials high in taxifolin content. The taxifolin was isolated from the rice variety, ‘Superhongmi’, and was identified by means of spectral methods and quantitative analysis using a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The taxifolin content of the ‘Superhongmi’ variety was ranged between 32mg and 68mg per 100g seed that differs depending on cultivated regions. The taxifolin content was lower grown at mid north than those at south region. A large amount of taxifolin was found in the aleurone layer of seed as well as in the node of spike of the ‘Superhongmi’. The weight of 1,000 grains was ranged between 23.5g and 27.8g that varied depending on cultivated regions. This variety showed heading in the 6^th of September, and its fertility ratio was about 83% in sejong region. These results suggest that the taxifolin-rich rice variety, ‘Superhongmi’, is a good source of functional and stable food.

This study was carried out to investigate the variation of 12 isoflavone components among 172 Korean soybean varieties released from 1913 to 2013. Cluster analysis was performed to classify the varieties based on the variation of isoflavone contents. Total isoflavone contents ranged from 206.3 μg/g to 2666.2 μg/g with an average of 837.2 μg/g. By each component, malonylgenistin content ranged from 99.2 μg/g to 1149.1 μg/g with the highest average of 390.0 μg/g, and glycitein content ranged from 0.1 μg/g to 2.4 μg/g with the lowest average of 0.8 μg/g. Among composition groups, the aglycone group contents ranged from 2.2 μg/g to 33.1 μg/g with the lowest average of 10.0 μg/g, and glucoside group contents ranged from 36.9 μg/g to 801.8 μg/g with an average of 202.4 μg/g. The malonylglucoside group contents ranged from 143.6 μg/g to 1796.4 μg/g with the highest average of 599.1 μg/g and acetylglucoside group contents ranged from 3.7 μg/g to 103.9 μg/g with an average of 27.5 μg/g. Varieties with high total isoflavone content were Aga8(2666.2 μg/g), Aga4(2569.3 μg/g), and Aga9(2345.0 μg/g) in bean sprouts group. The low total isoflavone content were observed from Deawang(328.8 μg/g) in soy sauce and paste group, Hanol(599.3 μg/g) in vegetable and early maturity group and Gemjeong1(664.1 μg/g) in cooking with rice group. The first three principal component axises accounted for 89.14% of the total variation observed. Dendrogram constructed using average linkage cluster method revealed that 172 Korean soybean varieties were divided into seven groups with the average distance of 0.8 between groups. The group Ⅰ includes 57.6% of the total varieties, which was the largest group among seven groups, followed by the group Ⅱ that includes 35.5% of the total varieties. However, the other groups were small groups containing less than five varieties. In comparison among the total isoflavone contents according to groups, the highest isoflavone content was observed in group Ⅵ with an average of 2526.9 μg/g, followed by group Ⅳ(1546.6 μg/g) and group Ⅴ(1503.5 μg/g). The others were found to contain low isoflavone content.

A new citrus cultivar ‘Tamdosamho’ is a hybrid obtained from a cross of ‘Kiyomi’ (Citrus unshiu×Citrus sinensis, the seed parent) and ‘Sunburst’ (Citrus reticulate, the pollen parent) at the Citrus Research Institute of the National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science in 2004. ‘Tamdosamho’ had the first fruit set in 2010 and field evaluation has been conducted until 2012. The tree of ‘Tamdosamho’ was vigorous and had a lot of fruit bearing. The average fruit weight was 230g and its shape was flatten-oblate with a little neck. The fruit peel color was dark orange, and peel coloration began in mid-October and fully developed in early December. The fruit matured in mid-February from cultivation under plastic film house. Total soluble solid and acidity of which was 14.0 °Brix and about 1 % respectively. The thickness of the rind was about 2.5 mm on average and was thinner than that of satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu), so removing the peel was easy. This cultivar had characteristic of self-incompatibility and parthenocarpy and didn’t bear seeds from monoculture but if it be fertilized by the pollen of other cultivars could be seedy. In the case of cultivation in the open field, the fruits could be damaged by cold temperature and then ‘Tamdosamho’ is recommended for cultivation under plastic film house. (Variety registration number: 6158)

A new Phalaenopsis cultivar SM 7661 was bred by Kyungpook National University, Korea. The new cultivar SM 7661 with the red colored mini type characteristics, was derived by artificial crossing between Phal. Golden Sun(female parent) and Phal. Princess Kaiulani(male parent). From 2005 to 2006, 250 individuals were cultivated over two years. Among them, an elite individual number ‘03-6-61’ with excellent growth and flowering characteristics was finally selected by intensive selection process. The stability and uniformity of the cultivar was confirmed through the first and second characteristics tests in 2007 and 2008 and named as ‘SM 7661’. SM 7661 produces dark red (RHS#185B) flowers of round shape and spreading mini type with size of 5.7 and 5.8cm in flower length and width, respectively. SM 7661 is regarded as raceme flower type with many flowers and good volume and suitable for small flower pot market. The leaf of SM 7661 is rowing horizontally and 13.8cm in length and 7.2cm in width. This cultivar also possesses no genetic variation, fast in vitro propagation and easy growing due to vigorous growth habit. This SM 7661 is registered (Reg.#:3826)to Korea Seed & Variety Service(KSVS) in December 21, 2011 and PBR(plant breeder’s right) is currently controlled by Sangmiwon Orchid Company, Korea.

‘Jungmo1045’, a multi-resistant japonica rice cultivar developed from a cross between ‘Hanggeumnuri’ having a good eating-quality and high yield and ‘SR30071’ having brown planthopper (BPH) resistance, was developed by the rice breeding team of NICS, RDA in 2015. This cultivar has about 121 days growth duration from transplanting to harvesting in west-southern coast, Honam and Youngnam plain of Korea. It has 73cm culm length and 22cm panicle length. In reaction to biotic and abiotic stresses, it shows resistance to bacterial blight pathogen races from K1 to K3, stripe virus and brown planthopper. The milled rice of ‘Jungmo1045’ exhibits translucent, relatively clear non-glutinous endosperm and medium short grain. It has good palatability of cooked rice compared with ‘Nampyeongbyeo’. The milled rice yield performance of this variety is about 5.74 MT/ha in local adaptability test for three years. ‘Junngmo1045’ would be useful genetic resources for multi-resistance breeding program against disease and insect and eco-friendly cultivation.